Textile Glossary \u2013 Vera Nadar Textile<\/title>\n\n<style>\nbody { font-family: Inter, sans-serif; color: #333333; }\n.glossary-nav { \n position: sticky; top: 0; background: #0097A7; \n padding: 12px 20px; text-align: center; z-index: 100;\n border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 30px;\n}\n.glossary-nav a { \n color: white; text-decoration: none; margin: 0 6px; \n font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px;\n}\n.glossary-nav a:hover { color: #C9A84C; }\n.glossary-letter { \n color: #0097A7; border-bottom: 2px solid #C9A84C; \n padding-bottom: 8px; margin-top: 40px; font-size: 28px;\n}\n.glossary-term { \n border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee; padding: 20px 0; \n margin-bottom: 10px;\n}\n.term-title { \n color: #2D2D2D; font-size: 20px; margin: 0 0 6px 0;\n}\n.term-category { \n background: #E0F7FA; color: #0097A7; \n padding: 3px 10px; border-radius: 20px; \n font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600;\n}\n.term-definition { \n margin-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.7;\n}\n.glossary-term p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555; }\n.glossary-term a { color: #0097A7; text-decoration: none; }\n.glossary-term a:hover { color: #C9A84C; }\n<\/style>\n\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<h1 style=\"color:#1B2A4A; text-align:center;\">Complete Textile Glossary<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align:center; color:#666;\">\n Comprehensive textile terminology guide by Vera Nadar Textile\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"glossary-nav\"><a href=\"#1\">1<\/a> | <a href=\"#2\">2<\/a> | <a href=\"#3\">3<\/a> | <a href=\"#A\">A<\/a> | <a href=\"#B\">B<\/a> | <a href=\"#C\">C<\/a> | <a href=\"#D\">D<\/a> | <a href=\"#E\">E<\/a> | <a href=\"#F\">F<\/a> | <a href=\"#G\">G<\/a> | <a href=\"#H\">H<\/a> | <a href=\"#I\">I<\/a> | <a href=\"#J\">J<\/a> | <a href=\"#K\">K<\/a> | <a href=\"#L\">L<\/a> | <a href=\"#M\">M<\/a> | <a href=\"#N\">N<\/a> | <a href=\"#O\">O<\/a> | <a href=\"#P\">P<\/a> | <a href=\"#Q\">Q<\/a> | <a href=\"#R\">R<\/a> | <a href=\"#S\">S<\/a> | <a href=\"#T\">T<\/a> | <a href=\"#U\">U<\/a> | <a href=\"#V\">V<\/a> | <a href=\"#W\">W<\/a> | <a href=\"#Y\">Y<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"1\" class=\"glossary-letter\">1<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"1x1-rib\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">1×1 Rib<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A rib knit fabric alternating one knit stitch and one purl stitch. Creates a fine, elastic ribbed texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt Necklines, Sleeve Cuffs, Lightweight Collars<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fine texture, good elasticity, neat appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less substantial than 2×2 rib<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#2x2-rib\">2×2 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"2\" class=\"glossary-letter\">2<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"2x2-rib\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">2×2 Rib<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A rib knit alternating two knit stitches and two purl stitches. Creates a more pronounced ribbed texture than 1×1 rib.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweater Cuffs, Waistbands, Polo Collar Trim<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More substantial, very elastic, good shape retention<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulkier than 1×1 rib<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#1x1-rib\">1×1 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#waffle-knit\">Waffle Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"3\" class=\"glossary-letter\">3<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"3-thread-fleece\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">3-Thread Fleece<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Also called three-end fleece. A knit construction using three yarns: face yarn, backing yarn, and binding yarn. Creates a stable fleece with defined face and back.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium Hoodies, Sweatshirts, Quality Activewear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More stable than standard fleece, defined face and reverse, quality appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavier and more expensive than standard fleece<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#french-terry\">French Terry<\/a>, <a href=\"#loop-back-cotton\">Loop-back Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"3d-embroidery\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">3D Embroidery<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Embroidery with foam placed under the stitching to create a raised, three-dimensional effect. Creates bold, textured logos.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baseball Caps, Hoodies, Branded Apparel, Sports Teams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High-impact visual effect, durable, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than flat embroidery, foam can compress over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#flat-embroidery\">Flat Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#puff-embroidery\">Puff Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"A\" class=\"glossary-letter\">A<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"alcantara\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Alcantara<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A premium synthetic microfiber fabric resembling ultra-suede. Made from polyester and polyurethane.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Luxury Accessories, Car Interiors, High-End Fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, durable, stain-resistant, animal-friendly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, requires specific care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#suedette\">Suedette<\/a>, <a href=\"#microfiber\">Microfiber<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"all-over-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">All-over Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A printing technique where the design covers the entire surface of a garment, printed before cutting and sewing. Also called AOP.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Sportswear, Swimwear, Streetwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No border restrictions, full design freedom<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Seams may interrupt pattern alignment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sublimation\">Sublimation<\/a>, <a href=\"#digital-printing\">Digital Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#aop\">AOP<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"antimicrobial-finish\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Antimicrobial Finish<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A chemical treatment applied to fabric to inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and mold. Reduces odor and extends garment freshness.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Socks, Underwear, Medical Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces odor, extends time between washes<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can wash out over time, some treatments raise health concerns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#silver-fiber\">Silver Fiber<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-finish\">Performance Finish<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-textile\">Technical Textile<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"applique\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Applique<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Decorative technique where cut fabric pieces are sewn or fused onto a base fabric to create patterns or designs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Children’s Wear, Fashion Garments, Sports Logos, Quilts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Adds texture and dimension, durable when sewn<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Labor-intensive, edges can fray if not finished properly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#patchwork\">Patchwork<\/a>, <a href=\"#decoration\">Decoration<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"aql\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">AQL<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Acceptable Quality Level. A statistical sampling method used in quality control to determine if a production lot should be accepted or rejected.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality control inspections, shipment acceptance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Statistical basis for quality decisions, industry standard<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Some defective items always acceptable within AQL limits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a>, <a href=\"#inspection\">Inspection<\/a>, <a href=\"#defect-rate\">Defect Rate<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"assembly-line\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Assembly Line<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A manufacturing process where garment production is divided into sequential operations, each performed by a specialized worker.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All large-scale garment manufacturing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High efficiency, consistent quality through specialization<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Workers perform repetitive tasks, less flexibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#production-line\">Production Line<\/a>, <a href=\"#bundle-system\">Bundle System<\/a>, <a href=\"#modular-production\">Modular Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"B\" class=\"glossary-letter\">B<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bartack\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bartack<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A series of closely spaced stitches used to reinforce areas of stress in a garment, such as pocket corners, belt loops, and zipper ends.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pocket corners, belt loops, zipper ends, stress points<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Significantly increases durability at stress points<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Additional machine operation required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#reinforcement\">Reinforcement<\/a>, <a href=\"#stress-points\">Stress Points<\/a>, <a href=\"#sewing\">Sewing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"basket-weave\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Basket Weave<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A variation of plain weave where two or more yarns are woven together as one, creating a checkerboard-like pattern resembling a basket.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Suits, Casual Wear, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Distinctive texture, more flexible than standard plain weave<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable than plain weave, yarns can shift<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oxford\">Oxford<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#hopsack\">Hopsack<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"batiste\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Batiste<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A very fine, lightweight plain-weave fabric, typically made from cotton or polyester. Smooth and semi-sheer.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baby Clothing, Handkerchiefs, Blouses, Linings<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely soft, lightweight, comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, shows through as sheer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#voile\">Voile<\/a>, <a href=\"#lawn\">Lawn<\/a>, <a href=\"#sheer-fabrics\">Sheer Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bill-of-lading\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bill of Lading<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A legal document issued by a carrier acknowledging receipt of cargo for shipment. Serves as a receipt, contract of carriage, and document of title.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sea freight shipments, title transfer, payment triggers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Legal document of title, essential for LC payments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Original copies must be carefully managed<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#commercial-invoice\">Commercial Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#packing-list\">Packing List<\/a>, <a href=\"#freight\">Freight<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"biopolishing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Biopolishing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An enzymatic finishing treatment for cotton and cellulosic fabrics that removes surface fuzz and fibrils, improving appearance and reducing pilling.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium cotton knitwear, anti-pilling treatment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eco-friendly, improves appearance, reduces pilling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Slight fabric weight loss, cost of enzyme treatment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#enzyme-treatment\">Enzyme Treatment<\/a>, <a href=\"#anti-pill\">Anti-Pill<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton-finishing\">Cotton Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bluesign\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bluesign<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sustainability standard for the textile industry that ensures safe and environmentally friendly manufacturing by setting standards for chemical use, water, energy, and labor.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor industry, sustainable fashion, performance textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Comprehensive sustainability standard, outdoor industry requirement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex implementation, primarily for fabric mills<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oeko-tex\">OEKO-TEX<\/a>, <a href=\"#gots\">GOTS<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"body-length\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Body Length<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement from the HPS (High Point Shoulder) to the bottom hem of a garment, taken at center back.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt and top length specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standard way to communicate garment length<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Front and back lengths may differ<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hps\">HPS<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a>, <a href=\"#spec-sheet\">Spec Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"boiled-wool\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Boiled Wool<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Wool fabric that has been wet-finished and fulled to create a dense, felted texture. Does not fray when cut.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Coats, Slippers, Hats, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Does not fray, warm, dense texture, water-resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, cannot be stretched back if over-shrunk, felting irreversible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a>, <a href=\"#felt\">Felt<\/a>, <a href=\"#fulling\">Fulling<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bom\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">BOM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Bill of Materials. A comprehensive list of all materials, components, and quantities needed to produce a garment, including fabric, trims, and packaging.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Production planning, costing, material ordering<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures all materials are ordered and available before production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming to create, must be kept updated<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#techpack\">Techpack<\/a>, <a href=\"#costing-sheet\">Costing Sheet<\/a>, <a href=\"#material-planning\">Material Planning<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bonded-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bonded Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Two or more fabric layers joined together using adhesive, heat, or stitching to create a composite material with combined properties.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Technical Outerwear, Structured Garments, Protective Clothing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Combines properties of multiple fabrics, added stability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can delaminate, heavier, less breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#laminate\">Laminate<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"brocade\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Brocade<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A richly decorative jacquard-woven fabric with raised patterns, often incorporating metallic threads.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Bridal Wear, Upholstery, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very decorative, rich appearance, prestigious<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, stiff, expensive, difficult to care for<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#damask\">Damask<\/a>, <a href=\"#tapestry\">Tapestry<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"broderie\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Broderie<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A French term for embroidered fabric. In fashion, refers to fabrics decorated with embroidery techniques.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion Garments, Accessories, Decorative Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, adds value, unique appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, delicate, requires careful care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#broderie-anglaise\">Broderie Anglaise<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#lace\">Lace<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"broderie-anglaise\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Broderie Anglaise<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An embroidered fabric featuring cut-out eyelet patterns on cotton or linen. The name means English embroidery in French.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Dresses, Blouses, Children’s Wear, Trim<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, lightweight, feminine aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Holes require lining, delicate<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lace\">Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"brushing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Brushing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mechanical finishing process that raises fiber ends on fabric surface to create a soft, napped texture. Creates flannel and brushed fabric effects.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Flannel, Brushed Cotton, Peach Skin finish<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates soft, warm surface texture<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Weakens fabric slightly, increases pilling tendency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#napping\">Napping<\/a>, <a href=\"#flannel\">Flannel<\/a>, <a href=\"#sueding\">Sueding<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bsci\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">BSCI<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Business Social Compliance Initiative. A common platform for companies seeking to improve working conditions in their global supply chains.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Supply chain auditing, European retail compliance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Required by many European retailers, standardized audit process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Audit costs, ongoing improvement requirements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wrap\">WRAP<\/a>, <a href=\"#sa8000\">SA8000<\/a>, <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"buckram\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Buckram<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A very stiff, coarsely woven cotton or linen fabric, often stiffened with sizing. Used for structural support in garments.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Interfacing, Hat Brims, Book Binding, Structured Collars<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Provides rigid structure, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very stiff, not comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interfacing\">Interfacing<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlining\">Interlining<\/a>, <a href=\"#nonwoven\">Nonwoven<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bulk-production\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bulk Production<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The full-scale manufacturing of a garment after all samples have been approved. The main production run that fulfills the purchase order.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fulfilling commercial orders for wholesale and retail<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Economies of scale reduce per-unit cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Errors affect entire production run, difficult to correct<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#moq\">MOQ<\/a>, <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#pre-production-sample\">Pre-Production Sample<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"burnout\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Burnout<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a pattern created by chemically dissolving one fiber in a blend, leaving a sheer pattern on an opaque background.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Blouses, Scarves, Luxury Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Unique visual effect, semi-transparent pattern, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, expensive, requires careful care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#devore\">Devore<\/a>, <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"burnout-velvet\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Burnout Velvet<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A velvet fabric where some of the pile has been chemically removed to create a sheer pattern against an opaque velvet background.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Scarves, Luxury Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Dramatic visual effect, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very delicate, expensive, dry clean only<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#burnout\">Burnout<\/a>, <a href=\"#devore\">Devore<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"C\" class=\"glossary-letter\">C<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cable-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cable Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a pattern of interlocking cable-like twists formed by crossing groups of stitches over each other.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweaters, Cardigans, Scarves, Socks<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Warm, classic pattern, adds texture and visual interest<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulky, time-consuming to produce, yarn-intensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#aran-knit\">Aran Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear\">Knitwear<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cad\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">CAD<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Computer Aided Design. Software used for creating technical drawings, patterns, and designs for garments. Industry standard tools include Lectra, Gerber, and Optitex.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pattern making, marker making, design development<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Precision, speed, easy modifications, digital storage<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High software cost, training required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"calendering\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Calendering<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A finishing process where fabric passes through heavy rollers under pressure to create a smooth, flat, or embossed surface.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dress fabrics, technical textiles, coated fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Improves surface smoothness, can create embossed patterns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Effect may not be permanent, especially in natural fibers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#embossing\">Embossing<\/a>, <a href=\"#surface-treatment\">Surface Treatment<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cambric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cambric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight, plain-woven cotton or linen fabric with a slightly stiff finish. Finer and crisper than muslin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Handkerchiefs, Linings, Baby Clothing, Fine Shirting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Crisp finish, fine texture, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Stiff, requires careful ironing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#batiste\">Batiste<\/a>, <a href=\"#lawn\">Lawn<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"canvas\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Canvas<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A heavy-duty plain-woven fabric, extremely durable and firm. Traditionally made from cotton or linen, now also polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Bags, Shoes, Workwear, Outdoor Gear, Art Surfaces<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely durable, stiff structure, weather-resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, stiff, not comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#duck-canvas\">Duck Canvas<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#waxed-canvas\">Waxed Canvas<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"carbon-footprint\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Carbon Footprint<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total amount of greenhouse gases produced by an activity, measured in CO2 equivalent. Textile industry accounts for approximately 10% of global carbon emissions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainability reporting, brand transparency, consumer information<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Quantifies environmental impact for comparison and improvement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to calculate accurately across full supply chain<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#carbon-neutral\">Carbon Neutral<\/a>, <a href=\"#scope-3-emissions\">Scope 3 Emissions<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"carbon-neutral\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Carbon Neutral<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Achieving net zero carbon emissions by balancing carbon produced with carbon offset. Increasingly required for fashion brands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brand sustainability strategy, certification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Environmental benefit, marketing credential, future regulatory compliance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Carbon offsets criticized as insufficient, complex to achieve genuinely<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#carbon-footprint\">Carbon Footprint<\/a>, <a href=\"#net-zero\">Net Zero<\/a>, <a href=\"#carbon-offset\">Carbon Offset<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"care-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Care Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mandatory label sewn into garments providing washing, drying, ironing, and dry cleaning instructions using standardized symbols.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garments sold to consumers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Guides correct garment care, legally required in most markets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Symbols not always understood by consumers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#iso-3758\">ISO 3758<\/a>, <a href=\"#ginetex\">GINETEX<\/a>, <a href=\"#woven-label\">Woven Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chambray\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chambray<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave fabric with a colored warp and white weft, creating a soft, lightweight fabric often mistaken for denim.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Dresses, Lightweight Jackets, Summer Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, breathable, soft, casual denim-like appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable than denim, fades quickly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#denim\">Denim<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"charmeuse\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Charmeuse<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight satin-weave fabric with a lustrous face and dull crepe-like back. Softer and more drapey than standard satin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Evening Wear, Blouses, Scarves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very soft, excellent drape, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, snags easily, difficult to sew<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#satin\">Satin<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a>, <a href=\"#crepe\">Crepe<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chest-measurement\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chest Measurement<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The circumference measurement around the fullest part of the chest, taken horizontally. Primary measurement for tops and jackets.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sizing for tops, shirts, jackets, suits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Primary sizing reference for upper body garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must specify if measured on body or garment (half chest)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#size-chart\">Size Chart<\/a>, <a href=\"#half-chest\">Half Chest<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chiffon\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chiffon<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An extremely lightweight, sheer plain-weave fabric with a slightly rough texture from twisted yarns. Originally silk, now commonly polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Scarves, Overlays, Blouses, Bridal Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, elegant, floaty drape, sheer beauty<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very delicate, difficult to sew, snags easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#georgette\">Georgette<\/a>, <a href=\"#organza\">Organza<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chino\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chino<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A cotton twill fabric originally used for military uniforms. Softer and lighter than denim, with a distinctive diagonal weave.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Chino Trousers, Casual Shirts, Workwear, Shorts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smart-casual appearance, durable, comfortable, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Wrinkles easily, shows stains on lighter colors<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#khaki\">Khaki<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cif\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">CIF<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Cost, Insurance, and Freight. The seller pays for cost, insurance, and freight to bring goods to destination port. Risk transfers when goods are on board.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> International trade, when buyer wants inclusive pricing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Seller arranges shipping, simpler for buyer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer less control over shipping costs and carrier choice<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob\">FOB<\/a>, <a href=\"#exw\">EXW<\/a>, <a href=\"#incoterms\">Incoterms<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"circular-fashion\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Circular Fashion<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sustainable approach to fashion design and production that eliminates waste by keeping materials in use through recycling, upcycling, and closed-loop systems.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainable brand strategy, product design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces waste, conserves resources, emerging regulatory requirement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex implementation, requires supply chain redesign<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#circular-economy\">Circular Economy<\/a>, <a href=\"#upcycling\">Upcycling<\/a>, <a href=\"#recycled-materials\">Recycled Materials<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"circular-knitting-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Circular Knitting Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knitting machine that produces fabric in a continuous tube using needles arranged in a circle. The primary machine for T-shirt and jersey fabric production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jersey, Rib, Fleece, Interlock fabric production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High productivity, consistent tubular fabric, various gauges available<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited to tubular fabric, requires cutting for flat fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#knitting-machine\">Knitting Machine<\/a>, <a href=\"#single-jersey-machine\">Single Jersey Machine<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey-machine\">Double Jersey Machine<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cmt\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">CMT<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Cut, Make, and Trim. A production arrangement where the buyer supplies fabric and trims, and the manufacturer provides only the cutting, sewing, and trimming services.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brands with their own fabric sourcing, private label production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Buyer controls material costs and quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer takes on more logistical responsibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#full-package-production\">Full Package Production<\/a>, <a href=\"#cut-and-sew\">Cut and Sew<\/a>, <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"colorfastness\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Colorfastness<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The resistance of a fabric’s color to fading or running when exposed to washing, light, rubbing, sweat, or other conditions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality testing, fabric specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures color durability throughout garment life<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Testing adds cost, some dyes inherently less colorfast<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wash-test\">Wash Test<\/a>, <a href=\"#light-fastness\">Light Fastness<\/a>, <a href=\"#color-testing\">Color Testing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"commercial-invoice\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Commercial Invoice<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The official transaction document between buyer and seller showing the actual amount charged. Required for customs clearance.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Customs clearance, payment, accounting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Essential legal document for international trade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be accurate to avoid customs issues<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pro-forma-invoice\">Pro Forma Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#packing-list\">Packing List<\/a>, <a href=\"#bill-of-lading\">Bill of Lading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"compression-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Compression Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A tight-fitting knit fabric that applies graduated pressure to muscles to improve performance and reduce fatigue.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Compression Tights, Shorts, Socks, Recovery Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Improves circulation, reduces muscle fatigue, supports recovery<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can be uncomfortable if too tight, sizing critical<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#power-stretch\">Power Stretch<\/a>, <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-fabrics\">Performance Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"corduroy\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Corduroy<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a distinctive ridged or waled texture created by cut pile forming cords. Made from cotton or cotton blends.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Trousers, Jackets, Shirts, Children’s Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, warm, distinctive texture, classic casual look<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, cords can wear down, vintage aesthetic not always desired<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#pile-fabrics\">Pile Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"costing-sheet\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Costing Sheet<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A detailed document calculating the total cost to produce a garment, including fabric, trims, labor, overhead, and profit margin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pricing, negotiations, production planning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Transparent cost breakdown for negotiations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires accurate material costs and labor rates<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#bom\">BOM<\/a>, <a href=\"#fob-price\">FOB Price<\/a>, <a href=\"#ex-works\">Ex-Works<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"coverstitch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Coverstitch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A professional sewing stitch that creates two parallel rows of stitching on the top and a looped stitch on the bottom. Standard for T-shirt hems.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt hems, Activewear, Knitwear hemming<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Professional finish, stretches with fabric, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires dedicated coverstitch machine<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#hemming\">Hemming<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear-construction\">Knitwear Construction<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"crepe\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Crepe<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a distinctive crinkled or pebbled texture achieved through twisted yarns or chemical treatment. Available in many fiber types.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Blouses, Trousers, Evening Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Elegant drape, wrinkle-resistant, hides figure flaws, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can stretch out of shape, some types require dry cleaning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#georgette\">Georgette<\/a>, <a href=\"#satin\">Satin<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"customs-duty\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Customs Duty<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A tax imposed on goods when they are transported across international borders. Calculated as a percentage of the customs value.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All international trade, import planning, pricing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Understanding duties helps buyers calculate true landed cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Increases cost of imported goods, varies by country and HS code<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hs-code\">HS Code<\/a>, <a href=\"#tariff\">Tariff<\/a>, <a href=\"#import-tax\">Import Tax<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cut-and-sew\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cut and Sew<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A production method where fabric is cut into pattern pieces and then sewn together. The standard method for most garment production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Most garment categories including T-shirts, hoodies, trousers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Precise construction, wide design flexibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than blank printing, requires pattern making<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cmt\">CMT<\/a>, <a href=\"#full-package-production\">Full Package Production<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitting\">Knitting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cutting\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cutting<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of cutting fabric according to pattern pieces. Can be done manually with scissors or using automated cutting machines.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment manufacturing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Precision cutting reduces waste and ensures quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cutting errors cannot be reversed<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#die-cutting\">Die Cutting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cutting-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cutting Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Automated equipment for cutting multiple fabric layers simultaneously. Includes straight knife, round knife, band knife, and automated CNC cutters.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment manufacturing cutting operations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Speed, precision, consistency, reduced labor<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High cost, maintenance required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"D\" class=\"glossary-letter\">D<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"damask\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Damask<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A reversible jacquard-woven fabric with patterns formed by contrasting the fabric weave structure. Pattern visible on both sides.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Table Linens, Upholstery, Formal Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Elegant, reversible, durable pattern<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, formal appearance limits casual use<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"deadstock-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Deadstock Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Unused fabric remaining from previous production runs or cancelled orders. Using deadstock reduces waste.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Small batch sustainable production, zero waste collections<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces fabric waste, unique and limited availability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited quantities, inconsistent availability, sizing limitations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#upcycling\">Upcycling<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-waste\">Fabric Waste<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainable-fashion\">Sustainable Fashion<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"denim\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Denim<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sturdy cotton twill fabric woven with indigo-dyed warp threads and undyed weft threads. The fabric of blue jeans.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jeans, Jackets, Skirts, Shorts, Workwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very durable, improves with wear, versatile, iconic aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Stiff when new, heavy, slow to dry, indigo transfers initially<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chambray\">Chambray<\/a>, <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#indigo\">Indigo<\/a>, <a href=\"#selvedge-denim\">Selvedge Denim<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"digitizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Digitizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of converting artwork into an embroidery file (DST, EMB, or PES format) that embroidery machines can read.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All embroidery production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> One-time cost, reusable file, precise stitch control<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires skilled digitizer for best results, setup cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#flat-embroidery\">Flat Embroidery<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dimensional-stability\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Dimensional Stability<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The ability of a fabric to maintain its original dimensions after washing, dry cleaning, or exposure to environmental conditions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality testing, fabric specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures garment maintains size and shape after washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Natural fibers inherently less dimensionally stable than synthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#shrinkage\">Shrinkage<\/a>, <a href=\"#wash-test\">Wash Test<\/a>, <a href=\"#sanforizing\">Sanforizing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"discharge-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Discharge Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A screen printing technique that removes the dye from fabric rather than adding ink on top, resulting in an extremely soft print with no hand feel.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium fashion T-shirts, Soft vintage-look prints<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Zero hand feel, very soft, breathable, vintage aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Only works on reactive-dyed natural fibers, chemical process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#water-based-ink\">Water-based Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#reactive-dye\">Reactive Dye<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dobby\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Dobby<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with small geometric patterns woven into the structure using a dobby loom. More complex than plain weave but simpler than jacquard.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Blouses, Neckwear, Dress Fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Subtle texture and pattern, adds interest without complexity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than plain woven fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#pique\">Pique<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"double-jersey\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Double Jersey<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric made with two sets of needles, creating a fabric with identical appearance on both sides. More stable than single jersey.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Polo Shirts, Sportswear, Dresses, Jackets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More stable, heavier, does not curl at edges, reversible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less stretchy than single jersey, higher cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#single-jersey\">Single Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#pique\">Pique<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dst-file\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DST File<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Tajima DST. The most widely used embroidery machine file format. Contains stitch data, color changes, and machine commands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Embroidery machine production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universal format compatible with most commercial embroidery machines<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not contain color information, must be specified separately<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#digitizing\">Digitizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#pes-file\">PES File<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dtf-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DTF Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Direct to Film printing. A method where designs are printed onto a special film, then transferred to fabric using heat and pressure. Works on virtually any fabric type.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Custom T-shirts, Hoodies, Any fabric including cotton, polyester, blends<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No minimum order, works on dark fabrics, vibrant colors, no weeding required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher per-unit cost than screen printing for large quantities, film waste<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtg-printing\">DTG Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dtg-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DTG Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Direct to Garment printing. A method where ink is printed directly onto fabric using modified inkjet technology. Best for complex, photographic designs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Custom T-shirts, Hoodies, Complex photographic designs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No minimum order, unlimited colors, photographic quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Best on 100% cotton, fades faster than screen print, pre-treatment required for dark garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtf-printing\">DTF Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#digital-printing\">Digital Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dwr\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DWR<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Durable Water Repellency. A chemical finish applied to fabric to make water bead up and roll off the surface. Used in outdoor textiles.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Rain Gear, Technical Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Water repellency without affecting breathability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Wears off over time and with washing, PFAS environmental concerns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#waterproof\">Waterproof<\/a>, <a href=\"#hydrophobic\">Hydrophobic<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-finish\">Technical Finish<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"E\" class=\"glossary-letter\">E<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"embroidery-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Embroidery Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A computerized sewing machine that creates embroidered designs automatically from digitized files. Commercial machines have multiple heads for production efficiency.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Logo embroidery, decorative stitching, badge production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High precision, consistent quality, multiple heads for efficiency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High cost, requires digitized files, setup time per design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#digitizing\">Digitizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"enzyme-wash\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Enzyme Wash<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A biological washing process using cellulase enzymes to create a soft, worn appearance with less fabric damage than stone washing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, Cotton Casual Wear, Vintage Effects<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Less fabric damage than stone washing, eco-friendlier<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires careful control to prevent over-digestion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#stone-wash\">Stone Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-washing\">Garment Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#biopolishing\">Biopolishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"eudr\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">EUDR<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">EU Deforestation Regulation. European Union regulation requiring companies to ensure products sold in the EU have not contributed to deforestation or forest degradation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Cotton supply chains, leather supply chains, EU market access<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Prevents deforestation, requires supply chain transparency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex due diligence requirements, affects all cotton products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#traceability\">Traceability<\/a>, <a href=\"#supply-chain\">Supply Chain<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"european-sizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">European Sizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sizing system used primarily in continental Europe based on body measurements in centimeters. Different from UK and US sizing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> European market garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Based on actual body measurements, consistent<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Differs from UK and US systems, confusing internationally<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#uk-sizing\">UK Sizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#us-sizing\">US Sizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#international-sizing\">International Sizing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"exw\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">EXW<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Ex Works. The seller makes goods available at their premises. Buyer bears all costs and risks from that point, including loading.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> When buyer has own logistics capability, local pickup<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lowest price point for buyer, full control of logistics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer responsible for all export procedures and costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob\">FOB<\/a>, <a href=\"#cif\">CIF<\/a>, <a href=\"#incoterms\">Incoterms<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"F\" class=\"glossary-letter\">F<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"factory-audit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Factory Audit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An inspection of a manufacturing facility to evaluate its capabilities, compliance, working conditions, and quality systems.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> New supplier evaluation, compliance verification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Risk mitigation, ensures supplier capability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cost and time required, point-in-time snapshot<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-audit\">Quality Audit<\/a>, <a href=\"#sourcing\">Sourcing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fair-isle\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fair Isle<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knitting technique from Fair Isle in Scotland using multiple colors in a horizontal pattern. Each row uses only two colors.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweaters, Cardigans, Accessories, Traditional Knitwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Distinctive colorful patterns, traditional heritage value<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex production, more expensive, pattern-specific aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#intarsia\">Intarsia<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear\">Knitwear<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fair-trade\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fair Trade<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A trading partnership and movement that aims to achieve greater equity in international trade by ensuring fair prices, decent working conditions, and fair terms for farmers and workers.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Ethical fashion brands, conscious consumer market<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ethical sourcing credentials, premium market positioning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher production costs, limited factory availability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a>, <a href=\"#wrap\">WRAP<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fast-fashion\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fast Fashion<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A business model in the fashion industry characterized by rapid production of high volumes of clothing at low prices, following or creating trends.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Mass market retail, trend-driven brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Affordable clothing, trend accessibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Environmental damage, poor working conditions, waste generation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#slow-fashion\">Slow Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a>, <a href=\"#overconsumption\">Overconsumption<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"faux-fur\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Faux Fur<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A synthetic pile fabric designed to replicate the appearance and feel of animal fur. Made from acrylic or modacrylic fibers.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Coats, Accessories, Trim, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Animal-friendly, less expensive than real fur, washable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Sheds microplastics, hot to wear, can look artificial<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sherpa\">Sherpa<\/a>, <a href=\"#pile-fabrics\">Pile Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#acrylic\">Acrylic<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"felt\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Felt<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A nonwoven textile produced by matting, condensing, and pressing wool or synthetic fibers together using heat, moisture, and pressure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Hats, Accessories, Craft, Insulation, Industrial Applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No fraying edges, stiff structure, excellent insulation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not elastic, can shrink, not suitable for washable garments in wool form<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#nonwoven\">Nonwoven<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a>, <a href=\"#craft-fabric\">Craft Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fil-coupe\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fil Coupe<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a cut pile or floating threads that create a raised pattern. Related to brocade but with cut rather than uncut floats.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Luxury Garments, High Fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Fragile, cut threads can fray, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a>, <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#burnout\">Burnout<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fit-model\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fit Model<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A person with specific measurements used to test garment fit during development. Their measurements define the base size for pattern making.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment development, sample fitting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consistent reference for fit evaluation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not represent all body types<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#sample\">Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flannel\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flannel<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A soft woven fabric with a brushed surface that creates a slightly fuzzy, warm texture. Traditionally wool, now commonly cotton.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Pajamas, Sheets, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very soft, warm, cozy, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills over time, not suitable for warm weather<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brushed-cotton\">Brushed Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flat-embroidery\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flat Embroidery<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Standard embroidery where thread is stitched directly onto fabric without foam backing, lying flat against the surface.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Polos, Caps, Bags, Workwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, professional appearance, wide color range, long-lasting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cannot achieve photographic quality, thread count limitations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#3d-embroidery\">3D Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a>, <a href=\"#digitizing\">Digitizing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flatlock\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flatlock<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sewing technique that lays the seam flat against the fabric, eliminating seam bulk. Creates a distinctive decorative stitch on the outside.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Activewear, Sportswear, Swimwear, Underwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Flat, comfortable seam, no bulk against skin, decorative<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires specialized machine<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#seam-types\">Seam Types<\/a>, <a href=\"#activewear-construction\">Activewear Construction<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flatlock-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flatlock Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A specialized sewing machine that creates flat, comfortable seams by laying fabric edges together rather than overlapping them.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Activewear, Sportswear, Swimwear, Underwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Flat, comfortable seams with no bulk, decorative stitch option<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Specialized machine, higher cost than overlocker<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#flatlock-stitch\">Flatlock Stitch<\/a>, <a href=\"#activewear-construction\">Activewear Construction<\/a>, <a href=\"#overlocker\">Overlocker<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fleece\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fleece<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A soft knit fabric with a raised, napped surface on one or both sides. Provides excellent insulation. Most commonly made from polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Hoodies, Sweatshirts, Jackets, Blankets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very warm, soft, lightweight, quick-drying<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills over time, sheds microplastics, not wind resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#french-terry\">French Terry<\/a>, <a href=\"#polar-fleece\">Polar Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#anti-pill-fleece\">Anti-Pill Fleece<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flock-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flock Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A decoration technique where tiny fiber particles are applied to an adhesive-coated design area to create a velvet-like texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Hoodies, Fashion Garments, Streetwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Distinctive tactile texture, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can wear off over time, requires careful washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet-print\">Velvet Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#specialty-printing\">Specialty Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fob\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">FOB<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Free on Board. An international trade term where the seller delivers goods to a named port and loads them aboard the ship. Risk transfers to buyer when goods are on board.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> International textile trade, shipping terms<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Clear responsibility transfer point, widely understood<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer responsible for all costs after loading<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cif\">CIF<\/a>, <a href=\"#exw\">EXW<\/a>, <a href=\"#incoterms\">Incoterms<\/a>, <a href=\"#shipping\">Shipping<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"foil-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Foil Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A decoration method where metallic foil is applied to fabric using heat and adhesive to create shiny, mirror-like effects.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion Garments, Evening Wear, Streetwear, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eye-catching metallic effect, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can crack or peel over time, requires careful washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#glitter-print\">Glitter Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#metallic-ink\">Metallic Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"four-way-stretch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Four-Way Stretch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric that stretches equally in all four directions – vertical, horizontal, and diagonally. Required for fitted activewear.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Activewear, Yoga Pants, Swimwear, Compression Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Maximum comfort and freedom of movement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires serger or special stitch for sewing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#two-way-stretch\">Two-Way Stretch<\/a>, <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#power-stretch\">Power Stretch<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"french-terry\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">French Terry<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with loops on one side and a smooth surface on the other. Lighter than fleece, used extensively in sweatshirts and hoodies.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweatshirts, Hoodies, Joggers, Casual Wear, Loungewear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Comfortable, absorbent, lightweight, casual look<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less warm than fleece, loops can snag<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#loop-back\">Loop-back<\/a>, <a href=\"#terry-cloth\">Terry Cloth<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"full-package-production\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Full Package Production<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A production arrangement where the manufacturer sources all materials, produces, and delivers finished garments. Also called FOB or FPP.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brands without sourcing capabilities, startup brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Buyer has minimal involvement in sourcing and logistics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less control over material quality and cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cmt\">CMT<\/a>, <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a>, <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"G\" class=\"glossary-letter\">G<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"garment-washing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Garment Washing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Post-production washing processes applied to finished garments to achieve specific aesthetics or improve hand feel.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim finishing, vintage effects, softening<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates unique aesthetics, pre-shrinks garment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds cost and time, can weaken fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#stone-wash\">Stone Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#enzyme-wash\">Enzyme Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#acid-wash\">Acid Wash<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gauge\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gauge<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The number of needles per inch in a knitting machine. Higher gauge produces finer, lighter fabric. Lower gauge produces coarser, heavier fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Machine specification, fabric quality determination<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Determines fabric fineness and weight range possible on machine<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Different gauges required for different fabric weights<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#knitting-machine\">Knitting Machine<\/a>, <a href=\"#needle\">Needle<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-weight\">Fabric Weight<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gauze\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gauze<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thin, translucent fabric with a loose, open weave. Lightweight and breathable, used in medical and fashion applications.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Medical Dressings, Summer Garments, Overlays, Baby Clothing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely lightweight, breathable, soft<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very delicate, frays easily, not durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#muslin\">Muslin<\/a>, <a href=\"#cheesecloth\">Cheesecloth<\/a>, <a href=\"#sheer-fabrics\">Sheer Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"georgette\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Georgette<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sheer, lightweight fabric similar to chiffon but with a more crinkled texture due to highly twisted yarns in both directions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Blouses, Scarves, Evening Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Floaty drape, slightly more opaque than chiffon, elegant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, slippery, requires careful handling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#crepe\">Crepe<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gingham\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gingham<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave cotton fabric with a checked pattern formed by weaving dyed and undyed yarns in both directions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Dresses, Children’s Wear, Kitchen Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic, cheerful pattern, versatile, easy care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching required, casual aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"glitter-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Glitter Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A screen printing or heat transfer technique incorporating glitter particles for a sparkling decorative effect.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Children’s Wear, Fashion Garments, Festive Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eye-catching, decorative, popular for target markets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Glitter can shed, environmental concerns, less durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#foil-print\">Foil Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#specialty-inks\">Specialty Inks<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gold-seal-sample\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gold Seal Sample<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The approved final sample that serves as the quality standard for bulk production. Kept by buyer and manufacturer as reference throughout production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality control benchmark during and after production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Clear quality standard for all parties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be stored carefully and kept accessible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pre-production-sample\">Pre-Production Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gots\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">GOTS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Global Organic Textile Standard. The worldwide leading textile processing standard for organic fibers, including ecological and social criteria.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Organic cotton garments, sustainable fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Premium market access, organic certification, social standards included<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex certification process, higher production costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oeko-tex\">OEKO-TEX<\/a>, <a href=\"#ocs\">OCS<\/a>, <a href=\"#organic-cotton\">Organic Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"grading\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Grading<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of proportionally increasing or decreasing a base pattern to create a range of sizes while maintaining the design proportions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Size range production, standard sizing systems<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Efficient way to create multiple sizes from one pattern<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Graded sizes may not fit all body types equally well<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#size-spec\">Size Spec<\/a>, <a href=\"#fit-sample\">Fit Sample<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"greenwashing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Greenwashing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The practice of making misleading or unsubstantiated claims about the environmental benefits of a product or company’s practices.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Marketing regulation, consumer awareness<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Understanding greenwashing helps buyers evaluate claims critically<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Widespread practice undermines genuine sustainability efforts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a>, <a href=\"#certification\">Certification<\/a>, <a href=\"#transparency\">Transparency<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"grosgrain\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Grosgrain<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A closely woven ribbed fabric or ribbon with a distinctive horizontal texture. Used primarily as ribbon or trim.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Ribbons, Hat Bands, Ties, Trimmings, Belts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Stiff, holds shape well, distinctive texture<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited use as main fabric due to stiffness<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#ribbon\">Ribbon<\/a>, <a href=\"#trim\">Trim<\/a>, <a href=\"#weave\">Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"grs\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">GRS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Global Recycled Standard. A voluntary product standard that sets requirements for third-party certification of recycled content and chain of custody.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Recycled polyester garments, recycled cotton products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Verifies recycled content claims, required for many sustainable fashion brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Certification costs, supply chain complexity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#recycled-polyester\">Recycled Polyester<\/a>, <a href=\"#rpet\">rPET<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gsm\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">GSM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Grams per Square Meter. The standard unit for measuring fabric weight. A critical specification in all textile orders. Heavier GSM indicates thicker, heavier fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts 150-200 GSM, Sweatshirts 280-350 GSM, Hoodies 300-400 GSM<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universal measurement standard for fabric weight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not indicate fabric quality or hand feel alone<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fabric-weight\">Fabric Weight<\/a>, <a href=\"#denier\">Denier<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-specification\">Fabric Specification<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"H\" class=\"glossary-letter\">H<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"half-chest\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Half Chest<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement across the chest of a garment laid flat, from seam to seam. Equal to half the total chest circumference.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment specification, quality control measurement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standard measurement for flat garment checking<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must multiply by 2 to compare with body measurements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chest-measurement\">Chest Measurement<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a>, <a href=\"#spec-sheet\">Spec Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hand-feel\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hand Feel<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The tactile sensation when touching fabric. Described as soft, crisp, smooth, rough, etc. Critical quality parameter in fabric evaluation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fabric evaluation, quality assessment, material selection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Critical consumer satisfaction factor<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Subjective assessment, difficult to standardize<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#softener\">Softener<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-quality\">Fabric Quality<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hang-tag\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hang Tag<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A paper, cardboard, or fabric tag attached to a garment with string or a fastener, containing brand, size, price, and care information.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Retail garments, Brand presentation, Point of sale information<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Presents brand identity, removable by consumer, marketing opportunity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Easily removed or lost, adds cost to production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#woven-label\">Woven Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#packaging\">Packaging<\/a>, <a href=\"#branding\">Branding<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hardshell\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hardshell<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fully waterproof and windproof outer fabric typically using a membrane laminate technology. Does not stretch.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Rain Jackets, Mountain Wear, Extreme Weather Gear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fully waterproof, windproof, highly durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less breathable than softshell, stiff, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#softshell\">Softshell<\/a>, <a href=\"#gore-tex\">Gore-Tex<\/a>, <a href=\"#laminate\">Laminate<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"heat-press\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Heat Press<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine that applies heat and pressure to transfer designs from paper or film onto fabric. Used for heat transfer and DTF applications.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> DTF printing, heat transfer application, vinyl pressing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Versatile, relatively low cost, easy to operate<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Slower than tunnel dryers for high volume<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtf-printing\">DTF Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a>, <a href=\"#transfer-paper\">Transfer Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"heat-transfer\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Heat Transfer<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A decoration method where a design printed on special transfer paper or vinyl is applied to fabric using heat and pressure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Names and numbers on sportswear, Custom garments, Small runs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Versatile, good for small quantities, full color possible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable than screen print or embroidery, can crack or peel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtf-printing\">DTF Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#vinyl-printing\">Vinyl Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#htv\">HTV<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"herringbone\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Herringbone<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A distinctive V-shaped weaving pattern resembling the bones of a herring fish. A variation of twill weave.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Jackets, Coats, Scarves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic pattern, adds visual interest, timeless aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can be difficult to match at seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#tweed\">Tweed<\/a>, <a href=\"#houndstooth\">Houndstooth<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"high-density-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">High Density Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A screen printing technique that builds up ink layers to create a raised, three-dimensional effect similar to embroidery.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium T-shirts, Streetwear, Fashion Brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Three-dimensional effect, premium appearance, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than standard screen print, multiple passes required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#rubber-print\">Rubber Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#3d-embroidery\">3D Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hopsack\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hopsack<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A loose, open plain weave or basket weave fabric with a slightly rough texture. Used in suiting and casual fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Suits, Jackets, Casual Trousers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, lightweight, casual-smart appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable, snags more easily than tight weaves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#basket-weave\">Basket Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting\">Suiting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"houndstooth\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Houndstooth<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A classic broken check pattern with pointed four-pointed shapes. A variation of twill weave in two contrasting colors.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Jackets, Coats, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic, timeless pattern, versatile in formal and casual contexts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching at seams required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#herringbone\">Herringbone<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hps\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">HPS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">High Point Shoulder. The highest point of the shoulder seam at the neck. Used as a reference point for measuring garment length.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment length specification, quality control<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consistent reference point for length measurements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be clearly defined on spec sheet to avoid confusion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#body-length\">Body Length<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a>, <a href=\"#spec-sheet\">Spec Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hs-code\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">HS Code<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Harmonized System Code. An international standardized numerical method of classifying traded products. Essential for customs clearance and calculating import duties.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Export documentation, customs clearance, duty calculation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universal classification system for international trade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Incorrect classification can lead to fines and delays<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#customs\">Customs<\/a>, <a href=\"#tariff\">Tariff<\/a>, <a href=\"#export-documentation\">Export Documentation<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"htv\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">HTV<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Heat Transfer Vinyl. A vinyl material that is cut into shapes and applied to fabric using heat and pressure. Used for names, numbers, and simple designs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sports Jerseys, Custom Names, Simple Graphics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, available in many colors and finishes, precise edges<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited to simple designs without gradients, can peel at edges<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a>, <a href=\"#vinyl-cutting\">Vinyl Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"I\" class=\"glossary-letter\">I<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"incoterms\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Incoterms<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">International Commercial Terms. A series of pre-defined commercial terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce relating to international trade.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All international trade contracts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universally understood, reduces misunderstandings in international trade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be specified correctly to avoid disputes<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob\">FOB<\/a>, <a href=\"#cif\">CIF<\/a>, <a href=\"#exw\">EXW<\/a>, <a href=\"#ddp\">DDP<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"inseam\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Inseam<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement from the crotch to the bottom hem of trouser legs. Critical measurement for trouser fitting.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Trouser and shorts specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Key trouser fitting measurement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Varies significantly between body types<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#outseam\">Outseam<\/a>, <a href=\"#rise\">Rise<\/a>, <a href=\"#trouser-measurements\">Trouser Measurements<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"intarsia\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Intarsia<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knitting technique using separate sections of yarn in different colors to create large-scale color patterns or motifs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Designer Knitwear, Sweaters with Motifs, High Fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Large-scale patterns possible, no floats on wrong side<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex production, multiple yarn ends to manage<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fair-isle\">Fair Isle<\/a>, <a href=\"#jacquard-knit\">Jacquard Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear\">Knitwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"interfacing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Interfacing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A material used to stabilize, stiffen, or add body to specific garment areas. Available in woven, non-woven, and knit versions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Collars, Cuffs, Button Plackets, Waistbands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Provides structure without bulk<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Fusible types can bubble or separate after washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interlining\">Interlining<\/a>, <a href=\"#lining\">Lining<\/a>, <a href=\"#nonwoven\">Nonwoven<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"interlinig\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Interlinig<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric attached to the wrong side of the main fabric to add support, structure, or warmth. Can be sewn or fusible (iron-on).<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Collars, Cuffs, Waistbands, Jacket Fronts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Adds structure and support, improves garment appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds weight and stiffness, fusible can separate over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interfacing\">Interfacing<\/a>, <a href=\"#lining\">Lining<\/a>, <a href=\"#structure\">Structure<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"interlock\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Interlock<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A double-knit fabric where two single jersey fabrics are interknitted together. Very smooth on both sides with excellent stability.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baby Clothing, Underwear, T-shirts, Polo Shirts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very smooth, stable, does not curl, comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less stretchy, heavier than single jersey<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#single-jersey\">Single Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"iso-9001\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">ISO 9001<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">International standard for quality management systems. Demonstrates a manufacturer’s ability to consistently provide products meeting customer and regulatory requirements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Manufacturing facilities, export-oriented factories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> International recognition, improves production processes, customer confidence<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Significant investment in documentation and auditing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#quality-management\">Quality Management<\/a>, <a href=\"#iso-standards\">ISO Standards<\/a>, <a href=\"#audit\">Audit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"J\" class=\"glossary-letter\">J<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"jacquard\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Jacquard<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with complex patterns woven directly into the structure using a Jacquard loom. Patterns are integral to the fabric, not printed or embroidered.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Ties, Upholstery, Evening Wear, Formal Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Intricate patterns, durable design that does not fade or wash out<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, complex production, heavier weight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a>, <a href=\"#damask\">Damask<\/a>, <a href=\"#tapestry\">Tapestry<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"jersey\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Jersey<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A single-knit fabric with a smooth face and looped back. The most common knit fabric used in T-shirts and casual wear.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Dresses, Underwear, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, stretchy, comfortable, affordable, easy to care for<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Curls at edges when cut, can stretch out of shape<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#single-jersey\">Single Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"K\" class=\"glossary-letter\">K<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"knitting-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Knitting Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine that creates knitted fabric by interlocking loops of yarn. Available in flatbed and circular configurations for different fabric types.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Hoodies, Socks, Sweaters, All knit fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High production speed, consistent fabric quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High capital cost, requires maintenance expertise<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#circular-knitting\">Circular Knitting<\/a>, <a href=\"#flatbed-knitting\">Flatbed Knitting<\/a>, <a href=\"#warp-knitting-machine\">Warp Knitting Machine<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"L\" class=\"glossary-letter\">L<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lace\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lace<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An openwork fabric with patterns formed by looping, twisting, or knitting threads. Can be handmade or machine-made.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Bridal Wear, Evening Wear, Trim, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, elegant, intricate patterns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, snags easily, expensive (especially handmade)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#guipure-lace\">Guipure Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#chantilly-lace\">Chantilly Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#net\">Net<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"laminate\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Laminate<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric bonded with a functional membrane or film layer. Commonly used for waterproof breathable fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Rainwear, Technical Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Waterproof or water-resistant, can be breathable, windproof<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can delaminate, requires specific care, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gore-tex\">Gore-Tex<\/a>, <a href=\"#bonded-fabric\">Bonded Fabric<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"landed-cost\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Landed Cost<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total cost of a product when it reaches the buyer’s door, including purchase price, freight, insurance, customs duties, and other charges.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pricing analysis, supplier comparison, profitability calculation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Gives true picture of product cost for pricing decisions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to calculate accurately, varies by destination<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob-price\">FOB Price<\/a>, <a href=\"#customs-duty\">Customs Duty<\/a>, <a href=\"#freight-cost\">Freight Cost<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"laser-cutting\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Laser Cutting<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Using laser technology to cut fabric or create decorative patterns and perforations. Provides precise, sealed edges on synthetic fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Decorative perforations, Lace effects, Precise cutting on synthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely precise, sealed edges prevent fraying on synthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not suitable for all fabrics, burning smell, slower than die cutting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#die-cutting\">Die Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#perforation\">Perforation<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-decoration\">Technical Decoration<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lawn\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lawn<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fine, lightweight plain-weave cotton or linen fabric with a crisp finish. Higher thread count than muslin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Dresses, Blouses, Children’s Wear, Handkerchiefs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth, crisp, lightweight, breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Semi-sheer, wrinkles easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#batiste\">Batiste<\/a>, <a href=\"#voile\">Voile<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lc\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">LC<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Letter of Credit. A payment mechanism where a bank guarantees payment to an exporter on behalf of an importer, provided all documentary conditions are met.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Large international orders, new business relationships<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Security for both buyer and seller, bank guarantee<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex, costly, time-consuming to establish<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#payment-terms\">Payment Terms<\/a>, <a href=\"#t\/t\">T\/T<\/a>, <a href=\"#documentary-collection\">Documentary Collection<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lead-time\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lead Time<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total time from order confirmation to delivery. Includes sampling, approval, bulk production, quality control, and shipping. Typically 25-45 days for bulk orders in Turkey.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Production planning, delivery scheduling, client communication<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows buyers to plan inventory and retail launches<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Longer lead times require advance planning and forecasting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#moq\">MOQ<\/a>, <a href=\"#sample-lead-time\">Sample Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#production-calendar\">Production Calendar<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lining\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lining<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric layer sewn inside a garment to cover construction details, improve comfort, and add structure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Coats, Suits, Skirts, Dresses<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth interior finish, easier to put on, adds warmth<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds cost and production time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interlining\">Interlining<\/a>, <a href=\"#shell-fabric\">Shell Fabric<\/a>, <a href=\"#construction\">Construction<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"loom\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Loom<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine used to weave fabric by interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles. Available in shuttle, rapier, air-jet, and water-jet configurations.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, Shirting, Suiting, All woven fabric production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Produces stable woven fabrics in wide range of constructions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High capital cost, slower than knitting for some fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#weaving\">Weaving<\/a>, <a href=\"#warp\">Warp<\/a>, <a href=\"#weft\">Weft<\/a>, <a href=\"#rapier-loom\">Rapier Loom<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"M\" class=\"glossary-letter\">M<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"madras\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Madras<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight cotton fabric with a plaid or checked pattern, originally from Madras (Chennai), India. Colors intentionally bleed together.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Shirts, Casual Trousers, Shorts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Colorful, casual, breathable, distinctive style<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Colors bleed when washed (considered a feature by some), very casual<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#gingham\">Gingham<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"marker-making\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Marker Making<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of arranging all pattern pieces on fabric to minimize waste during cutting. Typically done with CAD software.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pre-cutting planning, fabric efficiency optimization<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces fabric waste, lowers material costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires specialized software and skill<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"matelasse\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Matelasse<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A jacquard-woven fabric with a quilted or padded appearance created by the weave structure, not actual padding.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Structured Jackets, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Elegant three-dimensional appearance, structured<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, expensive, formal aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a>, <a href=\"#quilted-fabric\">Quilted Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"mercerizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Mercerizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A chemical treatment for cotton fabric using caustic soda that increases luster, strength, and dye affinity. Named after John Mercer who invented it.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium cotton fabrics, shirting, knitwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Increases luster and strength, improves dye uptake, dimensional stability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Additional processing cost, chemical process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton-treatment\">Cotton Treatment<\/a>, <a href=\"#luster\">Luster<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"mesh\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Mesh<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An open-structure fabric with spaces between yarns or fibers. Available in knit or woven construction in various hole sizes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Lingerie, Bags, Technical Applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, lightweight, dries quickly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not opaque, can snag, limited protection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#net\">Net<\/a>, <a href=\"#tulle\">Tulle<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-fabrics\">Performance Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"microplastics\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Microplastics<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Tiny plastic particles shed from synthetic textiles during washing. A major environmental concern, entering waterways and food chains.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Environmental impact assessment, product development<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Awareness drives development of microplastic filters and alternative materials<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Significant environmental damage, no current solution<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#polyester\">Polyester<\/a>, <a href=\"#synthetic-fibers\">Synthetic Fibers<\/a>, <a href=\"#environmental-impact\">Environmental Impact<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"modular-production\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Modular Production<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A team-based sewing system where small groups of workers complete entire garments, with each team member cross-trained on multiple operations.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality-focused manufacturing, quick response production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Better quality control, team accountability, flexibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires extensive training, lower output than assembly line<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#assembly-line\">Assembly Line<\/a>, <a href=\"#production-system\">Production System<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"moleskin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Moleskin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A heavy cotton fabric with a suede-like napped finish. Not made from actual mole fur. Dense and durable.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Workwear, Casual Trousers, Jackets, Notebooks<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very durable, soft napped surface, warm<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, shows wear over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#suede\">Suede<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#brushed-fabric\">Brushed Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"moq\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">MOQ<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Minimum Order Quantity. The smallest number of units a manufacturer will produce in a single order. Standard MOQ in Turkish textile manufacturing is 100-300 pieces per design.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All B2B textile orders, pricing negotiations, production planning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures production efficiency and cost-effectiveness for manufacturers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can be barrier for small brands or startups with limited budget<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#sample-order\">Sample Order<\/a>, <a href=\"#bulk-production\">Bulk Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"muslin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Muslin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave cotton fabric in various weights. Used extensively in fashion for making test garments (toiles) before cutting expensive fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Toiles\/Muslins for pattern testing, Lightweight Summer Wear, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Inexpensive, versatile, available in many weights<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not very durable, wrinkles easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gauze\">Gauze<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"N\" class=\"glossary-letter\">N<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"neoprene\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Neoprene<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A synthetic rubber fabric used in textile applications for its thickness, stretch, and structure. Textile neoprene is bonded to fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Structured Dresses, Wetsuits, Bags, Technical Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Holds structure, comfortable stretch, insulating<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, not breathable, difficult to sew<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#scuba\">Scuba<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"nonwoven\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Nonwoven<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric-like material made from fibers bonded together by chemical, thermal, or mechanical means rather than weaving or knitting.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Interfacing, Medical Textiles, Geotextiles, Disposable Products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Low cost, versatile, can be engineered for specific properties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Generally not as durable as woven or knit fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interfacing\">Interfacing<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-textiles\">Technical Textiles<\/a>, <a href=\"#felt\">Felt<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"O\" class=\"glossary-letter\">O<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"ocs\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">OCS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Organic Content Standard. A voluntary global standard that verifies the presence and amount of organic material in a final product.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Products claiming organic content, sustainable fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Verifies organic content claims, consumer trust<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not cover processing chemicals or social criteria like GOTS<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gots\">GOTS<\/a>, <a href=\"#organic-cotton\">Organic Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#certification\">Certification<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"odm\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">ODM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Original Design Manufacturer. A company that designs and manufactures products that are sold under another company’s brand.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fast fashion brands, retailers without design teams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Faster to market, lower development costs for buyer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less unique products, manufacturer owns original design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a>, <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#white-label\">White Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"oeko-tex-standard-100\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">OEKO-TEX Standard 100<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An independent testing and certification system for textile raw materials, intermediate and end products. Tests for harmful substances.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baby clothing, skin-contact garments, bedding, premium apparel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consumer trust, access to EU and premium markets, proves product safety<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Annual recertification required, testing costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gots\">GOTS<\/a>, <a href=\"#bluesign\">Bluesign<\/a>, <a href=\"#certification\">Certification<\/a>, <a href=\"#chemical-safety\">Chemical Safety<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"oem\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">OEM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Original Equipment Manufacturer. A company that produces goods based on another company’s designs and specifications, sold under the buyer’s brand.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Private label production, white label manufacturing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows brands to focus on design and marketing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Manufacturer has full production knowledge<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#odm\">ODM<\/a>, <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#cmt\">CMT<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"organza\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Organza<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thin, plain-weave sheer fabric originally made from silk, now commonly polyester or nylon. Crisp and stiff unlike chiffon.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Bridal Wear, Evening Gowns, Overlays, Decorative Elements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Holds structure, sheer beauty, elegant for formal wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Stiff, rustles, difficult to sew, shows every imperfection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a>, <a href=\"#tulle\">Tulle<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"overlock\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Overlock<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sewing machine stitch that simultaneously trims the seam allowance, encases the raw edge, and sews the seam. Creates a clean, professional finish.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt seams, knitwear construction, seam finishing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fast, clean finish, prevents fraying<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Difficult to unpick, limited to certain applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#serger\">Serger<\/a>, <a href=\"#flatlock\">Flatlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#seam-finishing\">Seam Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"overlocker\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Overlocker<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Also called a serger. A sewing machine that simultaneously trims, overlocks, and sews seams. Essential for professional knitwear construction.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Knitwear seaming, seam finishing, edge finishing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fast, professional finish, prevents fraying<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited to seam finishing applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#serger\">Serger<\/a>, <a href=\"#flatlock-machine\">Flatlock Machine<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"oxford\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Oxford<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain or basket-weave fabric characterized by a two-over, two-under weave pattern. Commonly used in button-down shirts.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Oxford Shirts, Casual Button-downs, School Uniforms<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, breathable, casual but neat appearance, easy care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less formal than poplin, can look bulky<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#poplin\">Poplin<\/a>, <a href=\"#pinpoint-oxford\">Pinpoint Oxford<\/a>, <a href=\"#basket-weave\">Basket Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"P\" class=\"glossary-letter\">P<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"packing-list\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Packing List<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A document detailing the contents of each package in a shipment, including item descriptions, quantities, weights, and dimensions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Customs clearance, warehouse receiving, order verification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Enables accurate customs inspection and inventory management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be accurate to avoid customs delays<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#commercial-invoice\">Commercial Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#bill-of-lading\">Bill of Lading<\/a>, <a href=\"#shipping-documents\">Shipping Documents<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pattern-making\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pattern Making<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of creating templates (patterns) for each piece of a garment that will be cut from fabric. The foundation of garment construction.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment manufacturing, fashion design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures consistent sizing and fit across production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires skilled pattern makers, time-consuming<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#techpack\">Techpack<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"payment-terms\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Payment Terms<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The agreed conditions specifying when and how payment is made between buyer and seller. Common terms: 30% deposit, 70% before shipment.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All B2B transactions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Clear expectations for both parties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Negotiation required, risk differs between buyer and seller<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#t\/t\">T\/T<\/a>, <a href=\"#lc\">LC<\/a>, <a href=\"#pro-forma-invoice\">Pro Forma Invoice<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"peach-finish\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Peach Finish<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mechanical finishing process that creates an ultra-soft, velvety surface resembling peach skin. Achieved through specialized brushing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Shorts, Premium Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely soft hand feel, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Reduces fabric durability slightly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sueding\">Sueding<\/a>, <a href=\"#brushing\">Brushing<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pilling\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pilling<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The formation of small fiber balls on fabric surface due to friction during wear or washing. Common in low-quality knitwear.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality testing, fabric evaluation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Anti-pill treatments and combed yarns reduce pilling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Inevitable in most knit fabrics over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#anti-pill\">Anti-Pill<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-quality\">Fabric Quality<\/a>, <a href=\"#wear-testing\">Wear Testing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pinstripe\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pinstripe<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A very fine stripe pattern on a dark background, characteristic of formal suiting fabrics. Named for the pin-thin width of the stripes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Business Suits, Formal Trousers, Professional Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Slimming effect, professional and formal aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very formal, limited to business contexts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chalk-stripe\">Chalk Stripe<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting\">Suiting<\/a>, <a href=\"#formal-fabric\">Formal Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pique\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pique<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A woven or knit fabric with a raised geometric pattern, typically a waffle or honeycomb texture. Most commonly associated with polo shirts.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Polo Shirts, Sportswear, Dresses, Vests<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, textured appearance, holds shape well, classic look<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less soft than jersey, heavier<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#polo-shirt\">Polo Shirt<\/a>, <a href=\"#honeycomb\">Honeycomb<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"plaid\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Plaid<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A pattern of crossed horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colors. Originated in Scottish tartan tradition.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Skirts, Blankets, Scarves, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic pattern, versatile, many variations available<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching required at seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#tartan\">Tartan<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#flannel\">Flannel<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"plastisol-ink\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Plastisol Ink<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A PVC-based ink used in screen printing. The most common screen printing ink, known for vibrant colors and durability.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt screen printing, promotional garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Vibrant colors, durable, opaque on dark garments, easy to use<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Contains PVC, not eco-friendly, can crack if applied too thickly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#water-based-ink\">Water-based Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#discharge-ink\">Discharge Ink<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pointelle\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pointelle<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fine knit fabric with a delicate pattern of small holes creating a lacy effect. The holes are formed during the knitting process.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Feminine Tops, Baby Clothing, Cardigans, Delicate Knitwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, feminine aesthetic, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, requires careful handling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lace-knit\">Lace Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#fine-knitwear\">Fine Knitwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"polar-fleece\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Polar Fleece<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A high-loft polyester fleece fabric with a thick, soft pile on both sides. Excellent insulation properties.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Blankets, Hats, Cold Weather Gear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very warm, lightweight, quick-drying, hypoallergenic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills, sheds microplastics, not windproof<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#microfleece\">Microfleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#anti-pill-fleece\">Anti-Pill Fleece<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"ponte\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Ponte<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A double-knit fabric with a firm, stable structure and smooth surface. Holds its shape exceptionally well.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Trousers, Jackets, Professional Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Holds shape well, wrinkle-resistant, comfortable, professional appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less breathable, can feel warm<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#scuba\">Scuba<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"poplin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Poplin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave fabric with fine horizontal ribs created by using a heavier weft yarn. Smooth, crisp, and formal appearance.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dress Shirts, School Uniforms, Blouses, Formal Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth, crisp, formal appearance, breathable, easy to iron<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Shows wrinkles easily, less casual than oxford<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oxford\">Oxford<\/a>, <a href=\"#broadcloth\">Broadcloth<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"power-stretch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Power Stretch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A four-way stretch knit fabric with high elasticity and excellent recovery. Used in compression and performance garments.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Compression Wear, Base Layers, Swimwear, Cycling Shorts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Four-way stretch, excellent recovery, body-hugging fit<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very revealing, requires flat seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#compression-fabric\">Compression Fabric<\/a>, <a href=\"#swimwear\">Swimwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pre-production-sample\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pre-Production Sample<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sample made from the actual bulk production materials and in the final factory after approval of the development sample. Final check before bulk production begins.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Final quality verification before committing to bulk production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Catches last-minute issues with actual production materials<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds time to production schedule<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sample\">Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#gold-seal-sample\">Gold Seal Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#bulk-production\">Bulk Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pre-shipment-inspection\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pre-Shipment Inspection<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A quality check performed after production is complete and before goods are shipped. Typically when 80-100% of goods are packed.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All international textile orders<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Final opportunity to catch and correct defects before shipping<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Issues found may delay shipment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#aql\">AQL<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a>, <a href=\"#third-party-inspection\">Third Party Inspection<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"printed-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Printed Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A label with information printed directly onto fabric or tape. Less expensive than woven labels but less durable.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Care labels, Size labels, Price labels<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lower cost, can include detailed information, soft against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Print can fade with washing, less premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#woven-label\">Woven Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer-label\">Heat Transfer Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#care-label\">Care Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"private-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Private Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Products manufactured by one company but sold under another company’s brand name. The retailer or brand owner controls branding and marketing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Retail chains, online brands, boutiques<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Brand control without manufacturing investment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Dependent on manufacturer quality and reliability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a>, <a href=\"#white-label\">White Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#custom-manufacturing\">Custom Manufacturing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pro-forma-invoice\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pro Forma Invoice<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A preliminary invoice sent to a buyer before shipment, confirming order details, pricing, and payment terms. Not a final invoice.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pre-payment requests, customs documentation, order confirmation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Confirms order details before production begins<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not legally binding as a final invoice<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#commercial-invoice\">Commercial Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#purchase-order\">Purchase Order<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"production-calendar\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Production Calendar<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A scheduling document showing all stages of production with dates, from order confirmation through delivery.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Factory planning, buyer communication, deadline management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Keeps all parties informed of progress and deadlines<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be updated when delays occur<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#critical-path\">Critical Path<\/a>, <a href=\"#t&a-calendar\">T&A Calendar<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"purchase-order\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Purchase Order<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A legal document issued by a buyer to a seller authorizing a purchase. Details product specifications, quantities, prices, and delivery terms.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All commercial transactions between buyer and manufacturer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Legally binding document, protects both parties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Binding commitment, changes can incur costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#rfq\">RFQ<\/a>, <a href=\"#invoice\">Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#contract\">Contract<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Q\" class=\"glossary-letter\">Q<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"quality-control\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Quality Control<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of ensuring products meet specified quality standards. Includes in-line, end-of-line, and pre-shipment inspections.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All stages of garment production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Prevents defective goods from reaching customers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds cost and time to production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#aql\">AQL<\/a>, <a href=\"#inspection\">Inspection<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-assurance\">Quality Assurance<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"quilted-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Quilted Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sandwich of two fabric layers with padding between them, stitched together in a decorative pattern.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Vests, Bags, Home Textiles, Winter Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Warm, decorative stitching adds texture, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulky, difficult to alter, padding can shift<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#padding\">Padding<\/a>, <a href=\"#insulation\">Insulation<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"R\" class=\"glossary-letter\">R<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"raschel-lace\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Raschel Lace<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Machine-made lace produced on Raschel warp-knitting machines. The most common form of commercial lace production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Decorative Trim, Fashion Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Cost-effective lace production, consistent quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less prestigious than handmade lace<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lace\">Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#warp-knit\">Warp Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rfq\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">RFQ<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Request for Quotation. A formal document sent by a buyer to a supplier requesting pricing and terms for specific products or services.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> B2B procurement, supplier selection, price comparison<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standardized way to request and compare supplier pricing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming for both buyer and supplier<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#purchase-order\">Purchase Order<\/a>, <a href=\"#po\">PO<\/a>, <a href=\"#quotation\">Quotation<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rib-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Rib Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with vertical ridges created by alternating knit and purl stitches. Highly elastic in the horizontal direction.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Cuffs, Collars, Waistbands, T-shirt Hems, Sweater Bodies<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Excellent horizontal elasticity, good recovery, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can distort if stretched excessively<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#1x1-rib\">1×1 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#2x2-rib\">2×2 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#waffle-knit\">Waffle Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"ripstop\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Ripstop<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A nylon, polyester, or cotton fabric woven with a special reinforcing technique using thicker threads at regular intervals to prevent tearing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Gear, Military Uniforms, Bags, Parachutes, Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Tear-resistant, lightweight, durable, distinctive grid pattern<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Grid pattern may not suit all aesthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#nylon\">Nylon<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#cordura\">Cordura<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rise\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Rise<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement from the crotch seam to the waistband top. Determines how high or low a trouser sits on the body.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Trouser specification, fit determination<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Determines trouser style (high-rise, mid-rise, low-rise)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Comfort highly subjective<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#inseam\">Inseam<\/a>, <a href=\"#outseam\">Outseam<\/a>, <a href=\"#waist-measurement\">Waist Measurement<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rubber-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Rubber Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thick, glossy screen printing technique using rubber-based inks that sit on top of fabric, creating a raised, rubbery texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Streetwear, Logos<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, distinctive texture and shine, opaque on dark fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can crack if applied too thick, heavy hand feel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#specialty-inks\">Specialty Inks<\/a>, <a href=\"#high-density-print\">High Density Print<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"S\" class=\"glossary-letter\">S<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sa8000\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">SA8000<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Social Accountability 8000. An auditable certification standard that encourages organizations to develop, maintain, and apply socially acceptable practices in the workplace.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Factories seeking highest level social compliance certification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Globally recognized, comprehensive worker rights standard<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex implementation, significant costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#bsci\">BSCI<\/a>, <a href=\"#wrap\">WRAP<\/a>, <a href=\"#fair-trade\">Fair Trade<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sample\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sample<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A prototype garment produced before bulk production to verify fit, construction, fabric, and design. Multiple sample rounds may be required before approval.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Design approval, fit testing, photography, buyer presentation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Identifies issues before expensive bulk production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds time and cost to development process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#salesman-sample\">Salesman Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#pre-production-sample\">Pre-Production Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#gold-seal-sample\">Gold Seal Sample<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sanforizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sanforizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mechanical pre-shrinking process for cotton fabric that limits further shrinkage to less than 1% after washing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, cotton shirting, casualwear fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Guarantees dimensional stability, eliminates need for pre-washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Additional processing cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#shrinkage\">Shrinkage<\/a>, <a href=\"#pre-washing\">Pre-Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"satin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Satin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A weave structure characterized by a glossy face and dull back, achieved by floating warp threads over multiple weft threads.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Lingerie, Linings, Bridal Wear, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lustrous, smooth, elegant appearance, drapes beautifully<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Snags easily, shows marks, slippery to sew<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#silk-satin\">Silk Satin<\/a>, <a href=\"#polyester-satin\">Polyester Satin<\/a>, <a href=\"#charmeuse\">Charmeuse<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"screen-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Screen Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A printing method where ink is pushed through a mesh screen onto fabric. Each color requires a separate screen. The most common method for bulk garment printing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Hoodies, Promotional Wear, High-volume custom printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, vibrant colors, cost-effective for large quantities, works on many fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Setup costs for screens, minimum quantities required, color limitations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plastisol-ink\">Plastisol Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#water-based-ink\">Water-based Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#dtf\">DTF<\/a>, <a href=\"#discharge-printing\">Discharge Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"screen-printing-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Screen Printing Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Equipment used to apply ink through screens onto fabric or garments. Available in manual, semi-automatic, and automatic carousel configurations.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt printing, garment decoration, textile printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High volume production, consistent results<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Setup time and cost per design, screen storage<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#carousel-printer\">Carousel Printer<\/a>, <a href=\"#flash-dryer\">Flash Dryer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"scuba\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Scuba<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A type of double-knit polyester fabric with a smooth, slightly stretchy surface and excellent shape retention. Does not wrinkle.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Skirts, Structured Garments, Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Wrinkle-free, holds shape, easy care, smooth surface<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not breathable, synthetic feel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#ponte\">Ponte<\/a>, <a href=\"#neoprene\">Neoprene<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"seam-allowance\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Seam Allowance<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The extra fabric between the cutting line and the seam line that is used when sewing pieces together. Standard is 1cm or 5\/8 inch.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pattern making, garment construction<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Provides fabric for seams and adjustments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be accounted for in pattern and material calculations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#seam\">Seam<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"seersucker\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Seersucker<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thin plain-weave fabric with alternating puckered and flat sections, creating a distinctive crinkled texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Suits, Shirts, Casual Summer Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, breathable, does not need ironing, cool in hot weather<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very casual, distinctive texture not suitable for all occasions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#summer-fabrics\">Summer Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sewing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sewing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of joining cut fabric pieces together using needle and thread. The core manufacturing process in garment production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment assembly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Flexible, can accommodate complex designs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Labor-intensive, stitch quality varies by operator<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#seam\">Seam<\/a>, <a href=\"#stitch\">Stitch<\/a>, <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sharkskin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sharkskin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A smooth, two-tone twill-weave fabric with a subtle iridescent quality. The alternating warp and weft create a fish-scale effect.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Formal Suits, Trousers, Women’s Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth, subtle sheen, professional appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can look shiny under certain lighting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting-fabric\">Suiting Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"shearling\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Shearling<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Sheepskin that has been tanned with the wool still attached, or a synthetic fabric designed to replicate this material.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Coats, Jackets, Boots, Accessories, Aviator Jackets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely warm, luxurious appearance, durable (genuine)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, expensive (genuine), requires special care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sheepskin\">Sheepskin<\/a>, <a href=\"#faux-fur\">Faux Fur<\/a>, <a href=\"#sherpa\">Sherpa<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sherpa\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sherpa<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a fluffy, textured surface on one side designed to mimic the look and feel of sheep’s wool.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jacket Linings, Blankets, Coats, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very warm, soft, cozy aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills, sheds fibers, not breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#faux-fur\">Faux Fur<\/a>, <a href=\"#teddy-fabric\">Teddy Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"shrinkage\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Shrinkage<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The reduction in fabric dimensions after washing or finishing. Must be accounted for in pattern making and fabric ordering.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pattern adjustment, fabric specification, quality testing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Pre-washing fabric eliminates future shrinkage issues<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> If not accounted for, finished garments will be smaller than intended<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pre-washing\">Pre-Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#sanforizing\">Sanforizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#dimensional-stability\">Dimensional Stability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"single-jersey\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Single Jersey<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The simplest weft-knit fabric structure, knitted with one set of needles. Has a distinct face and back side.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Underwear, Lightweight Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, soft, economical to produce<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Curls at edges, less stable than double knits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jersey\">Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"size-chart\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Size Chart<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A reference guide showing measurements for each size in a garment range, including chest, waist, hip, and length measurements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment specification, consumer guidance, production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures consistent sizing across production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Sizing varies between brands and countries<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a>, <a href=\"#fit\">Fit<\/a>, <a href=\"#measurement-spec\">Measurement Spec<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"slow-fashion\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Slow Fashion<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A movement and design philosophy that considers the processes and resources required to make clothing, and advocates for buying better-quality garments that will last longer.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainable brand strategy, consumer education<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces waste, promotes quality over quantity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher prices may limit accessibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fast-fashion\">Fast Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainable-fashion\">Sustainable Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality\">Quality<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"softener\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Softener<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A chemical finish applied to fabric to improve softness and hand feel. Can be applied during dyeing or as a separate finishing step.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Most fabric types to improve comfort<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Improves comfort, reduces static, easier to iron<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Reduces moisture absorption, can reduce DWR effectiveness<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hand-feel\">Hand Feel<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-treatment\">Fabric Treatment<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"softshell\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Softshell<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A flexible, stretch-woven or knit fabric with water-resistant properties. More breathable than hardshell but less waterproof.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Active Wear, Running Gear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, stretchy, water-resistant, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not fully waterproof, less durable than hardshell<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hardshell\">Hardshell<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#dwr\">DWR<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sourcing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sourcing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of finding, evaluating, and selecting manufacturers, suppliers, and materials for product development and production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brand development, supply chain management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Finding best quality and price combinations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming, requires expertise and relationships<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#supply-chain\">Supply Chain<\/a>, <a href=\"#vendor\">Vendor<\/a>, <a href=\"#factory-audit\">Factory Audit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"spacer-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Spacer Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A three-dimensional knit fabric with two outer layers connected by a spacer yarn, creating a sandwich structure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sports Bras, Technical Footwear, Protective Padding, Automotive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Cushioning, breathable, lightweight, moisture management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulky, technical production required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#3d-knitting\">3D Knitting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"spreader\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Spreader<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine that automatically lays fabric layers onto a cutting table for cutting. Can be set to specific layer counts and lay lengths.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> High-volume garment production, pre-cutting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consistent lay quality, faster than manual spreading<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High capital cost, space requirement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#production-equipment\">Production Equipment<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"spreading\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Spreading<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of laying multiple layers of fabric on a cutting table in preparation for cutting. Can be done manually or by machine.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pre-cutting process in all garment factories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows multiple layers to be cut simultaneously for efficiency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Fabric distortion can occur if not spread correctly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#lay-plan\">Lay Plan<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"stone-wash\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Stone Wash<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A garment finishing process where pumice stones are used in washing machines to create a faded, worn appearance on denim.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim jeans, jackets, casual wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates authentic vintage appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Damages fabric fibers, shortens garment life, machine wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#garment-washing\">Garment Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#acid-wash\">Acid Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#enzyme-wash\">Enzyme Wash<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"stretch-woven\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Stretch Woven<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A woven fabric incorporating elastic fibers (spandex\/elastane) to provide stretch while maintaining the structure of a woven fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Stretch Jeans, Formal Trousers, Fitted Shirts, Active Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Combines structure of woven with comfort of stretch<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than non-stretch woven<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#elastane\">Elastane<\/a>, <a href=\"#denim\">Denim<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sublimation-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sublimation Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A printing method where dye is transferred into polyester fabric using heat, becoming part of the fiber structure. Produces vibrant, all-over prints.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Swimwear, All-over print garments, Polyester products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Unlimited colors, photographic quality, no hand feel, very durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Only works on white or light polyester, not suitable for cotton<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#all-over-print\">All-over Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#digital-printing\">Digital Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#polyester\">Polyester<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"suedette\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Suedette<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A synthetic fabric designed to replicate the look and feel of suede leather. Made from microfiber polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion Garments, Accessories, Shoes, Upholstery<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Animal-friendly alternative to suede, washable, affordable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not as durable as genuine suede, can look synthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#microfiber\">Microfiber<\/a>, <a href=\"#suede\">Suede<\/a>, <a href=\"#alcantara\">Alcantara<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sueding\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sueding<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A finishing process that creates a soft, suede-like surface on fabric through mechanical or chemical means.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion fabrics, Peach Skin finish, Soft-touch fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, luxurious surface feel, premium hand feel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can reduce fabric strength<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brushing\">Brushing<\/a>, <a href=\"#peach-finish\">Peach Finish<\/a>, <a href=\"#microfiber\">Microfiber<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"supply-chain\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Supply Chain<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The complete network of entities involved in creating and delivering a product, from raw material suppliers through manufacturers to end consumers.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Business strategy, risk management, sustainability reporting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Understanding supply chain enables optimization and risk management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex, global supply chains have many risk points<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sourcing\">Sourcing<\/a>, <a href=\"#vendor\">Vendor<\/a>, <a href=\"#traceability\">Traceability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"T\" class=\"glossary-letter\">T<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"t&a-calendar\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">T&A Calendar<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Time and Action Calendar. A detailed production schedule listing every task, responsible party, and deadline from order to delivery.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Production management, buyer-supplier communication<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Prevents delays by tracking every production step<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires discipline to maintain and follow<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#production-calendar\">Production Calendar<\/a>, <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#critical-path\">Critical Path<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"t\/t\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">T\/T<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Telegraphic Transfer. A bank wire transfer payment method. Common terms are 30% deposit before production, 70% balance before shipment.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> International B2B payments, most common textile trade payment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Simple, direct, widely accepted<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less secure than LC, buyer has limited protection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lc\">LC<\/a>, <a href=\"#payment-terms\">Payment Terms<\/a>, <a href=\"#wire-transfer\">Wire Transfer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"techpack\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Techpack<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A technical package or specification sheet containing all design and construction details needed to produce a garment. Includes measurements, materials, colors, trims, and construction notes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Communication between designer and manufacturer, quality control reference<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces miscommunication, ensures accurate production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming to create, requires technical knowledge<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#tech-sheet\">Tech Sheet<\/a>, <a href=\"#specification-sheet\">Specification Sheet<\/a>, <a href=\"#flat-sketch\">Flat Sketch<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"terrycloth\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Terrycloth<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A pile fabric with loops on one or both sides. The loops create high absorbency. Used for towels and bathrobes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Towels, Bathrobes, Baby Products, Beach Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Highly absorbent, soft, warm<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Loops can snag, heavy when wet, slow to dry<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#french-terry\">French Terry<\/a>, <a href=\"#velour\">Velour<\/a>, <a href=\"#loop-knit\">Loop Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"thermal-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Thermal Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a waffle or honeycomb texture designed to trap air and provide insulation for warmth.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Thermal Underwear, Base Layers, Winter Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Good insulation, lightweight, breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Distinctive texture may show through outerwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#waffle-knit\">Waffle Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#base-layer\">Base Layer<\/a>, <a href=\"#underwear\">Underwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tolerance\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tolerance<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The acceptable range of variation from specified measurements in garment production. Typically \u00b11cm for most measurements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality control, garment specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows for practical manufacturing variation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cumulative tolerances can result in significant variation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#measurement-spec\">Measurement Spec<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a>, <a href=\"#aql\">AQL<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"traceability\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Traceability<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The ability to track a product through all stages of production from raw material to finished goods. Increasingly required for sustainability compliance.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainability reporting, EUDR compliance, brand transparency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Proves sustainability claims, builds consumer trust<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex and costly to implement across full supply chain<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#supply-chain\">Supply Chain<\/a>, <a href=\"#transparency\">Transparency<\/a>, <a href=\"#blockchain\">Blockchain<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tricot\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tricot<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A warp-knit fabric with fine ribs running vertically. Smooth on one side and textured on the other. Common in lingerie.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Swimwear, Sportswear, Linings<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Snag-resistant, does not run, smooth, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less stretch than weft knits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#warp-knit\">Warp Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#lingerie-fabric\">Lingerie Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"trim\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Trim<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">All components of a garment other than the main fabric. Includes buttons, zippers, labels, elastic, thread, and decorative elements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Defines garment functionality and aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Multiple trim items require careful sourcing and quality control<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#notions\">Notions<\/a>, <a href=\"#hardware\">Hardware<\/a>, <a href=\"#zipper\">Zipper<\/a>, <a href=\"#button\">Button<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tulle\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tulle<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight, very fine netting fabric originally made from silk. Now commonly nylon or polyester. Used for structure and volume.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Bridal Veils, Ballet Tutus, Evening Gowns, Petticoats<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates volume without weight, fine texture<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Scratchy against skin, snags easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#organza\">Organza<\/a>, <a href=\"#mesh\">Mesh<\/a>, <a href=\"#net\">Net<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tunnel-dryer\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tunnel Dryer<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A conveyor-belt drying system that cures screen printing ink by passing printed garments through a heated tunnel at controlled temperature and speed.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Screen printing ink curing, high-volume production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High throughput, consistent curing, essential for production screen printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High energy consumption, large footprint<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#flash-dryer\">Flash Dryer<\/a>, <a href=\"#curing\">Curing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tweed\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tweed<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A rough, unfinished woolen fabric typically with a herringbone or twill weave. Associated with traditional British and Irish clothing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Suits, Coats, Skirts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very durable, warm, classic aesthetic, water-resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, can be itchy, formal aesthetic limits versatility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a>, <a href=\"#herringbone\">Herringbone<\/a>, <a href=\"#harris-tweed\">Harris Tweed<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"twill\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Twill<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric weave pattern characterized by diagonal parallel ridges. Creates a strong, durable fabric. Includes denim and chino.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, Chinos, Workwear, Suits, Tweed<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Strong, drapes well, hides dirt better than plain weave, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavier than plain weave fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#denim\">Denim<\/a>, <a href=\"#herringbone\">Herringbone<\/a>, <a href=\"#chino\">Chino<\/a>, <a href=\"#diagonal-weave\">Diagonal Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"two-way-stretch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Two-Way Stretch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric that stretches in one direction only, typically horizontal (crosswise). Most knit fabrics have two-way stretch.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Basic Knitwear, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More affordable than four-way stretch, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less versatile than four-way stretch<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#four-way-stretch\">Four-Way Stretch<\/a>, <a href=\"#knit-fabric\">Knit Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"U\" class=\"glossary-letter\">U<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"upcycling\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Upcycling<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of transforming waste materials or unwanted products into new materials or products of higher quality or value.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainable fashion, deadstock fabric use, zero waste design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces waste, creates unique products, sustainability credentials<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited scalability, inconsistent material supply<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#circular-fashion\">Circular Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#recycling\">Recycling<\/a>, <a href=\"#deadstock\">Deadstock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"upf\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">UPF<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Ultraviolet Protection Factor. The rating system for UV protection in clothing. UPF 50+ blocks 98% of UV radiation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sun protective clothing, outdoor wear, swimwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standardized measurement of UV protection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can decrease with stretching, wet, or worn fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#uv-protection\">UV Protection<\/a>, <a href=\"#spf\">SPF<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-textile\">Technical Textile<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"uv-protection-finish\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">UV Protection Finish<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A finish applied to fabric to block harmful ultraviolet radiation. Rated by UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor).<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Clothing, Swimwear, Children’s Sun Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Protects skin from UV damage, health benefit<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can reduce over time with washing and UV exposure<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#upf\">UPF<\/a>, <a href=\"#sun-protection\">Sun Protection<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-finish\">Technical Finish<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"V\" class=\"glossary-letter\">V<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"vanity-sizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Vanity Sizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The practice of labeling garments with smaller size numbers than actual measurements to flatter customers. Causes sizing inconsistency across brands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Consumer retail market<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Short-term customer satisfaction<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Causes confusion, inconsistency across brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#size-chart\">Size Chart<\/a>, <a href=\"#standardization\">Standardization<\/a>, <a href=\"#consumer-market\">Consumer Market<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"velour\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Velour<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plush, knit fabric with a cut pile surface similar to velvet but with more stretch. Softer and more casual than velvet.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Tracksuits, Loungewear, Casual Jackets, Children’s Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, luxurious feel, comfortable, good drape<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pile can flatten, shows marks easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#terry-cloth\">Terry Cloth<\/a>, <a href=\"#plush\">Plush<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"velvet\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Velvet<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A woven fabric with a short, dense pile that creates a smooth, soft surface with a distinctive sheen. Originally made from silk, now commonly polyester or cotton.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Jackets, Dresses, Upholstery, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Luxurious appearance, soft, rich color depth<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Crushes easily, difficult to clean, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velour\">Velour<\/a>, <a href=\"#velveteen\">Velveteen<\/a>, <a href=\"#plush\">Plush<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"velveteen\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Velveteen<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A cotton fabric with a short pile resembling velvet. Less lustrous than silk velvet but more affordable and easier to care for.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Casual Garments, Children’s Wear, Accessories, Craft Fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More affordable than velvet, easy to care for, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less luxurious than true velvet, pile direction must be maintained<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#velour\">Velour<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"voile\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Voile<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sheer, lightweight plain-weave fabric with a crisp finish. Made from cotton, polyester, or wool.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Blouses, Dresses, Curtains, Scarves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, elegant, drapes beautifully<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very sheer, requires lining or layering<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#batiste\">Batiste<\/a>, <a href=\"#gauze\">Gauze<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"W\" class=\"glossary-letter\">W<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"waffle-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Waffle Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a distinctive square or rectangular textured pattern resembling a waffle grid. Provides thermal properties due to air pockets.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Thermal Underwear, Casual Tops, Loungewear, Bathrobes<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Thermal insulation, distinctive texture, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Snags easily, pattern can distort when stretched<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#thermal-knit\">Thermal Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#honeycomb\">Honeycomb<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"warp-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Warp Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric produced by machines where yarns run vertically (warp direction) and are looped together. Includes tricot and raschel fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Sportswear, Mesh, Lace<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Less stretchy than weft knit, does not unravel, smooth<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less elastic in horizontal direction<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#weft-knit\">Weft Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#tricot\">Tricot<\/a>, <a href=\"#raschel\">Raschel<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"water-footprint\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Water Footprint<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total volume of freshwater used to produce a product. Cotton production requires approximately 10,000-20,000 liters of water per kilogram.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainability assessment, water stewardship programs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Quantifies water impact for sustainable decision making<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to measure accurately across supply chain<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a>, <a href=\"#water-stewardship\">Water Stewardship<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton-production\">Cotton Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"water-based-ink\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Water-based Ink<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Screen printing ink that uses water as a carrier instead of PVC. More eco-friendly than plastisol with a softer hand feel.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Eco-conscious brands, Soft-hand printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eco-friendly, soft hand feel, breathable print<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less opaque on dark fabrics, more difficult to work with<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plastisol-ink\">Plastisol Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#discharge-ink\">Discharge Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"waxed-cotton\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Waxed Cotton<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Cotton fabric treated with paraffin wax to create water-resistant properties while maintaining breathability.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Bags, Hats, Country Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Water-resistant, develops character with age, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, cannot be machine washed, wax can transfer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#canvas\">Canvas<\/a>, <a href=\"#oilskin\">Oilskin<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"weft-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Weft Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric produced by machines where yarn runs horizontally (weft direction). The most common knitting method for apparel fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Sweaters, Socks, Most Knit Apparel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Highly elastic, comfortable, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can unravel if yarn is cut, runs can form<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#warp-knit\">Warp Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#jersey\">Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"white-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">White Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A product produced by one manufacturer that other companies rebrand and sell as their own. Unlike private label, white label products are identical across multiple brands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Generic products sold under multiple brand names<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very quick to market, minimal development cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> No product differentiation from competitors<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"wicking-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Wicking Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A generic term for fabrics engineered to pull moisture away from the skin and disperse it across the fabric surface for rapid evaporation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Base Layers, Outdoor Apparel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Keeps wearer dry and comfortable during activity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Usually synthetic, retains odors over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#moisture-management\">Moisture Management<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-fabrics\">Performance Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#dri-fit\">Dri-FIT<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"windowpane\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Windowpane<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A check pattern consisting of thin lines forming large squares, resembling window panes. Used primarily in suiting fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Jackets, Trousers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic, versatile pattern for formal wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching required at seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting\">Suiting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"woven-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Woven Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A label made by weaving yarn on a loom to create a permanent, high-quality branded label. More durable than printed labels.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brand labels, Care labels, Country of Origin labels<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Permanent, durable, high-quality appearance, does not fade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher cost than printed labels, minimum order quantities<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#printed-label\">Printed Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#hang-tag\">Hang Tag<\/a>, <a href=\"#brand-identity\">Brand Identity<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"wrap\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">WRAP<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Worldwide Responsible Accredited Production. An independent certification program focused on lawful, humane, and ethical manufacturing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment factories, social compliance auditing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Internationally recognized social compliance standard<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Annual audit costs, ongoing compliance requirements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#bsci\">BSCI<\/a>, <a href=\"#sa8000\">SA8000<\/a>, <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Y\" class=\"glossary-letter\">Y<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"yield\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Yield<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The amount of fabric required to produce one unit of a garment. Calculated from marker efficiency and pattern pieces.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Costing, fabric ordering, production planning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Accurate fabric consumption prevents shortages or excess<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to calculate for garments with many pieces<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-consumption\">Fabric Consumption<\/a>, <a href=\"#costing\">Costing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u26a0\ufe0f Disclaimer: This glossary is provided for informational and educational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, Vera Nadar Textile does not guarantee the completeness or reliability of any definition. For specific technical advice or product inquiries, please contact our team directly.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\ud83d\udcc5 Last Updated: July 2026 | \u00a9 Vera Nadar Textile. All rights reserved.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\ud83d\udce9 Need more information?\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sahinbeytekstil.com\/tr\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Contact our B2B team<\/a>\u00a0for personalized assistance.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This comprehensive textile glossary is designed for B2B buyers, fashion brands, and textile professionals. Use the search bar above or click on a letter to quickly find technical terms, fiber […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1759","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This comprehensive textile glossary is designed for B2B buyers, fashion brands, and textile professionals. Use the search bar above or click on a letter to quickly find technical terms, fiber definitions, and industry terminology. All definitions are for informational purposes only. 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{"id":1759,"date":"2026-07-01T12:07:39","date_gmt":"2026-07-01T12:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sahinbeytekstil.com\/?page_id=1759"},"modified":"2026-07-03T23:10:35","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T23:10:35","slug":"textile-glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sahinbeytekstil.com\/tr\/textile-glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Textile Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"

This comprehensive textile glossary is designed for B2B buyers, fashion brands, and textile professionals. Use the search bar above or click on a letter to quickly find technical terms, fiber definitions, and industry terminology. All definitions are for informational purposes only.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTextile Glossary \u2013 Vera Nadar Textile<\/title>\n\n<style>\nbody { font-family: Inter, sans-serif; color: #333333; }\n.glossary-nav { \n position: sticky; top: 0; background: #0097A7; \n padding: 12px 20px; text-align: center; z-index: 100;\n border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 30px;\n}\n.glossary-nav a { \n color: white; text-decoration: none; margin: 0 6px; \n font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px;\n}\n.glossary-nav a:hover { color: #C9A84C; }\n.glossary-letter { \n color: #0097A7; border-bottom: 2px solid #C9A84C; \n padding-bottom: 8px; margin-top: 40px; font-size: 28px;\n}\n.glossary-term { \n border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee; padding: 20px 0; \n margin-bottom: 10px;\n}\n.term-title { \n color: #2D2D2D; font-size: 20px; margin: 0 0 6px 0;\n}\n.term-category { \n background: #E0F7FA; color: #0097A7; \n padding: 3px 10px; border-radius: 20px; \n font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600;\n}\n.term-definition { \n margin-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.7;\n}\n.glossary-term p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555; }\n.glossary-term a { color: #0097A7; text-decoration: none; }\n.glossary-term a:hover { color: #C9A84C; }\n<\/style>\n\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<h1 style=\"color:#1B2A4A; text-align:center;\">Complete Textile Glossary<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align:center; color:#666;\">\n Comprehensive textile terminology guide by Vera Nadar Textile\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"glossary-nav\"><a href=\"#1\">1<\/a> | <a href=\"#2\">2<\/a> | <a href=\"#3\">3<\/a> | <a href=\"#A\">A<\/a> | <a href=\"#B\">B<\/a> | <a href=\"#C\">C<\/a> | <a href=\"#D\">D<\/a> | <a href=\"#E\">E<\/a> | <a href=\"#F\">F<\/a> | <a href=\"#G\">G<\/a> | <a href=\"#H\">H<\/a> | <a href=\"#I\">I<\/a> | <a href=\"#J\">J<\/a> | <a href=\"#K\">K<\/a> | <a href=\"#L\">L<\/a> | <a href=\"#M\">M<\/a> | <a href=\"#N\">N<\/a> | <a href=\"#O\">O<\/a> | <a href=\"#P\">P<\/a> | <a href=\"#Q\">Q<\/a> | <a href=\"#R\">R<\/a> | <a href=\"#S\">S<\/a> | <a href=\"#T\">T<\/a> | <a href=\"#U\">U<\/a> | <a href=\"#V\">V<\/a> | <a href=\"#W\">W<\/a> | <a href=\"#Y\">Y<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"1\" class=\"glossary-letter\">1<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"1x1-rib\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">1×1 Rib<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A rib knit fabric alternating one knit stitch and one purl stitch. Creates a fine, elastic ribbed texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt Necklines, Sleeve Cuffs, Lightweight Collars<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fine texture, good elasticity, neat appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less substantial than 2×2 rib<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#2x2-rib\">2×2 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"2\" class=\"glossary-letter\">2<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"2x2-rib\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">2×2 Rib<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A rib knit alternating two knit stitches and two purl stitches. Creates a more pronounced ribbed texture than 1×1 rib.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweater Cuffs, Waistbands, Polo Collar Trim<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More substantial, very elastic, good shape retention<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulkier than 1×1 rib<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#1x1-rib\">1×1 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#waffle-knit\">Waffle Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"3\" class=\"glossary-letter\">3<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"3-thread-fleece\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">3-Thread Fleece<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Also called three-end fleece. A knit construction using three yarns: face yarn, backing yarn, and binding yarn. Creates a stable fleece with defined face and back.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium Hoodies, Sweatshirts, Quality Activewear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More stable than standard fleece, defined face and reverse, quality appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavier and more expensive than standard fleece<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#french-terry\">French Terry<\/a>, <a href=\"#loop-back-cotton\">Loop-back Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"3d-embroidery\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">3D Embroidery<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Embroidery with foam placed under the stitching to create a raised, three-dimensional effect. Creates bold, textured logos.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baseball Caps, Hoodies, Branded Apparel, Sports Teams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High-impact visual effect, durable, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than flat embroidery, foam can compress over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#flat-embroidery\">Flat Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#puff-embroidery\">Puff Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"A\" class=\"glossary-letter\">A<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"alcantara\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Alcantara<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A premium synthetic microfiber fabric resembling ultra-suede. Made from polyester and polyurethane.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Luxury Accessories, Car Interiors, High-End Fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, durable, stain-resistant, animal-friendly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, requires specific care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#suedette\">Suedette<\/a>, <a href=\"#microfiber\">Microfiber<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"all-over-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">All-over Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A printing technique where the design covers the entire surface of a garment, printed before cutting and sewing. Also called AOP.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Sportswear, Swimwear, Streetwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No border restrictions, full design freedom<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Seams may interrupt pattern alignment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sublimation\">Sublimation<\/a>, <a href=\"#digital-printing\">Digital Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#aop\">AOP<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"antimicrobial-finish\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Antimicrobial Finish<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A chemical treatment applied to fabric to inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and mold. Reduces odor and extends garment freshness.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Socks, Underwear, Medical Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces odor, extends time between washes<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can wash out over time, some treatments raise health concerns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#silver-fiber\">Silver Fiber<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-finish\">Performance Finish<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-textile\">Technical Textile<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"applique\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Applique<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Decorative technique where cut fabric pieces are sewn or fused onto a base fabric to create patterns or designs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Children’s Wear, Fashion Garments, Sports Logos, Quilts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Adds texture and dimension, durable when sewn<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Labor-intensive, edges can fray if not finished properly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#patchwork\">Patchwork<\/a>, <a href=\"#decoration\">Decoration<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"aql\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">AQL<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Acceptable Quality Level. A statistical sampling method used in quality control to determine if a production lot should be accepted or rejected.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality control inspections, shipment acceptance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Statistical basis for quality decisions, industry standard<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Some defective items always acceptable within AQL limits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a>, <a href=\"#inspection\">Inspection<\/a>, <a href=\"#defect-rate\">Defect Rate<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"assembly-line\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Assembly Line<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A manufacturing process where garment production is divided into sequential operations, each performed by a specialized worker.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All large-scale garment manufacturing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High efficiency, consistent quality through specialization<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Workers perform repetitive tasks, less flexibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#production-line\">Production Line<\/a>, <a href=\"#bundle-system\">Bundle System<\/a>, <a href=\"#modular-production\">Modular Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"B\" class=\"glossary-letter\">B<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bartack\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bartack<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A series of closely spaced stitches used to reinforce areas of stress in a garment, such as pocket corners, belt loops, and zipper ends.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pocket corners, belt loops, zipper ends, stress points<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Significantly increases durability at stress points<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Additional machine operation required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#reinforcement\">Reinforcement<\/a>, <a href=\"#stress-points\">Stress Points<\/a>, <a href=\"#sewing\">Sewing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"basket-weave\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Basket Weave<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A variation of plain weave where two or more yarns are woven together as one, creating a checkerboard-like pattern resembling a basket.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Suits, Casual Wear, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Distinctive texture, more flexible than standard plain weave<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable than plain weave, yarns can shift<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oxford\">Oxford<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#hopsack\">Hopsack<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"batiste\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Batiste<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A very fine, lightweight plain-weave fabric, typically made from cotton or polyester. Smooth and semi-sheer.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baby Clothing, Handkerchiefs, Blouses, Linings<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely soft, lightweight, comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, shows through as sheer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#voile\">Voile<\/a>, <a href=\"#lawn\">Lawn<\/a>, <a href=\"#sheer-fabrics\">Sheer Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bill-of-lading\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bill of Lading<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A legal document issued by a carrier acknowledging receipt of cargo for shipment. Serves as a receipt, contract of carriage, and document of title.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sea freight shipments, title transfer, payment triggers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Legal document of title, essential for LC payments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Original copies must be carefully managed<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#commercial-invoice\">Commercial Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#packing-list\">Packing List<\/a>, <a href=\"#freight\">Freight<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"biopolishing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Biopolishing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An enzymatic finishing treatment for cotton and cellulosic fabrics that removes surface fuzz and fibrils, improving appearance and reducing pilling.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium cotton knitwear, anti-pilling treatment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eco-friendly, improves appearance, reduces pilling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Slight fabric weight loss, cost of enzyme treatment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#enzyme-treatment\">Enzyme Treatment<\/a>, <a href=\"#anti-pill\">Anti-Pill<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton-finishing\">Cotton Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bluesign\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bluesign<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sustainability standard for the textile industry that ensures safe and environmentally friendly manufacturing by setting standards for chemical use, water, energy, and labor.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor industry, sustainable fashion, performance textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Comprehensive sustainability standard, outdoor industry requirement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex implementation, primarily for fabric mills<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oeko-tex\">OEKO-TEX<\/a>, <a href=\"#gots\">GOTS<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"body-length\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Body Length<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement from the HPS (High Point Shoulder) to the bottom hem of a garment, taken at center back.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt and top length specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standard way to communicate garment length<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Front and back lengths may differ<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hps\">HPS<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a>, <a href=\"#spec-sheet\">Spec Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"boiled-wool\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Boiled Wool<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Wool fabric that has been wet-finished and fulled to create a dense, felted texture. Does not fray when cut.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Coats, Slippers, Hats, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Does not fray, warm, dense texture, water-resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, cannot be stretched back if over-shrunk, felting irreversible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a>, <a href=\"#felt\">Felt<\/a>, <a href=\"#fulling\">Fulling<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bom\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">BOM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Bill of Materials. A comprehensive list of all materials, components, and quantities needed to produce a garment, including fabric, trims, and packaging.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Production planning, costing, material ordering<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures all materials are ordered and available before production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming to create, must be kept updated<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#techpack\">Techpack<\/a>, <a href=\"#costing-sheet\">Costing Sheet<\/a>, <a href=\"#material-planning\">Material Planning<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bonded-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bonded Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Two or more fabric layers joined together using adhesive, heat, or stitching to create a composite material with combined properties.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Technical Outerwear, Structured Garments, Protective Clothing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Combines properties of multiple fabrics, added stability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can delaminate, heavier, less breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#laminate\">Laminate<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"brocade\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Brocade<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A richly decorative jacquard-woven fabric with raised patterns, often incorporating metallic threads.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Bridal Wear, Upholstery, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very decorative, rich appearance, prestigious<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, stiff, expensive, difficult to care for<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#damask\">Damask<\/a>, <a href=\"#tapestry\">Tapestry<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"broderie\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Broderie<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A French term for embroidered fabric. In fashion, refers to fabrics decorated with embroidery techniques.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion Garments, Accessories, Decorative Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, adds value, unique appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, delicate, requires careful care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#broderie-anglaise\">Broderie Anglaise<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#lace\">Lace<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"broderie-anglaise\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Broderie Anglaise<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An embroidered fabric featuring cut-out eyelet patterns on cotton or linen. The name means English embroidery in French.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Dresses, Blouses, Children’s Wear, Trim<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, lightweight, feminine aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Holes require lining, delicate<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lace\">Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"brushing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Brushing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mechanical finishing process that raises fiber ends on fabric surface to create a soft, napped texture. Creates flannel and brushed fabric effects.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Flannel, Brushed Cotton, Peach Skin finish<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates soft, warm surface texture<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Weakens fabric slightly, increases pilling tendency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#napping\">Napping<\/a>, <a href=\"#flannel\">Flannel<\/a>, <a href=\"#sueding\">Sueding<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bsci\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">BSCI<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Business Social Compliance Initiative. A common platform for companies seeking to improve working conditions in their global supply chains.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Supply chain auditing, European retail compliance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Required by many European retailers, standardized audit process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Audit costs, ongoing improvement requirements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wrap\">WRAP<\/a>, <a href=\"#sa8000\">SA8000<\/a>, <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"buckram\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Buckram<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A very stiff, coarsely woven cotton or linen fabric, often stiffened with sizing. Used for structural support in garments.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Interfacing, Hat Brims, Book Binding, Structured Collars<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Provides rigid structure, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very stiff, not comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interfacing\">Interfacing<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlining\">Interlining<\/a>, <a href=\"#nonwoven\">Nonwoven<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"bulk-production\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Bulk Production<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The full-scale manufacturing of a garment after all samples have been approved. The main production run that fulfills the purchase order.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fulfilling commercial orders for wholesale and retail<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Economies of scale reduce per-unit cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Errors affect entire production run, difficult to correct<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#moq\">MOQ<\/a>, <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#pre-production-sample\">Pre-Production Sample<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"burnout\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Burnout<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a pattern created by chemically dissolving one fiber in a blend, leaving a sheer pattern on an opaque background.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Blouses, Scarves, Luxury Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Unique visual effect, semi-transparent pattern, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, expensive, requires careful care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#devore\">Devore<\/a>, <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"burnout-velvet\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Burnout Velvet<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A velvet fabric where some of the pile has been chemically removed to create a sheer pattern against an opaque velvet background.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Scarves, Luxury Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Dramatic visual effect, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very delicate, expensive, dry clean only<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#burnout\">Burnout<\/a>, <a href=\"#devore\">Devore<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"C\" class=\"glossary-letter\">C<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cable-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cable Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a pattern of interlocking cable-like twists formed by crossing groups of stitches over each other.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweaters, Cardigans, Scarves, Socks<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Warm, classic pattern, adds texture and visual interest<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulky, time-consuming to produce, yarn-intensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#aran-knit\">Aran Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear\">Knitwear<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cad\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">CAD<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Computer Aided Design. Software used for creating technical drawings, patterns, and designs for garments. Industry standard tools include Lectra, Gerber, and Optitex.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pattern making, marker making, design development<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Precision, speed, easy modifications, digital storage<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High software cost, training required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"calendering\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Calendering<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A finishing process where fabric passes through heavy rollers under pressure to create a smooth, flat, or embossed surface.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dress fabrics, technical textiles, coated fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Improves surface smoothness, can create embossed patterns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Effect may not be permanent, especially in natural fibers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#embossing\">Embossing<\/a>, <a href=\"#surface-treatment\">Surface Treatment<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cambric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cambric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight, plain-woven cotton or linen fabric with a slightly stiff finish. Finer and crisper than muslin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Handkerchiefs, Linings, Baby Clothing, Fine Shirting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Crisp finish, fine texture, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Stiff, requires careful ironing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#batiste\">Batiste<\/a>, <a href=\"#lawn\">Lawn<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"canvas\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Canvas<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A heavy-duty plain-woven fabric, extremely durable and firm. Traditionally made from cotton or linen, now also polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Bags, Shoes, Workwear, Outdoor Gear, Art Surfaces<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely durable, stiff structure, weather-resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, stiff, not comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#duck-canvas\">Duck Canvas<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#waxed-canvas\">Waxed Canvas<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"carbon-footprint\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Carbon Footprint<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total amount of greenhouse gases produced by an activity, measured in CO2 equivalent. Textile industry accounts for approximately 10% of global carbon emissions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainability reporting, brand transparency, consumer information<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Quantifies environmental impact for comparison and improvement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to calculate accurately across full supply chain<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#carbon-neutral\">Carbon Neutral<\/a>, <a href=\"#scope-3-emissions\">Scope 3 Emissions<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"carbon-neutral\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Carbon Neutral<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Achieving net zero carbon emissions by balancing carbon produced with carbon offset. Increasingly required for fashion brands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brand sustainability strategy, certification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Environmental benefit, marketing credential, future regulatory compliance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Carbon offsets criticized as insufficient, complex to achieve genuinely<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#carbon-footprint\">Carbon Footprint<\/a>, <a href=\"#net-zero\">Net Zero<\/a>, <a href=\"#carbon-offset\">Carbon Offset<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"care-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Care Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mandatory label sewn into garments providing washing, drying, ironing, and dry cleaning instructions using standardized symbols.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garments sold to consumers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Guides correct garment care, legally required in most markets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Symbols not always understood by consumers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#iso-3758\">ISO 3758<\/a>, <a href=\"#ginetex\">GINETEX<\/a>, <a href=\"#woven-label\">Woven Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chambray\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chambray<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave fabric with a colored warp and white weft, creating a soft, lightweight fabric often mistaken for denim.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Dresses, Lightweight Jackets, Summer Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, breathable, soft, casual denim-like appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable than denim, fades quickly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#denim\">Denim<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"charmeuse\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Charmeuse<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight satin-weave fabric with a lustrous face and dull crepe-like back. Softer and more drapey than standard satin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Evening Wear, Blouses, Scarves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very soft, excellent drape, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, snags easily, difficult to sew<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#satin\">Satin<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a>, <a href=\"#crepe\">Crepe<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chest-measurement\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chest Measurement<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The circumference measurement around the fullest part of the chest, taken horizontally. Primary measurement for tops and jackets.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sizing for tops, shirts, jackets, suits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Primary sizing reference for upper body garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must specify if measured on body or garment (half chest)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#size-chart\">Size Chart<\/a>, <a href=\"#half-chest\">Half Chest<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chiffon\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chiffon<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An extremely lightweight, sheer plain-weave fabric with a slightly rough texture from twisted yarns. Originally silk, now commonly polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Scarves, Overlays, Blouses, Bridal Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, elegant, floaty drape, sheer beauty<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very delicate, difficult to sew, snags easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#georgette\">Georgette<\/a>, <a href=\"#organza\">Organza<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"chino\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Chino<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A cotton twill fabric originally used for military uniforms. Softer and lighter than denim, with a distinctive diagonal weave.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Chino Trousers, Casual Shirts, Workwear, Shorts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smart-casual appearance, durable, comfortable, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Wrinkles easily, shows stains on lighter colors<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#khaki\">Khaki<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cif\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">CIF<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Cost, Insurance, and Freight. The seller pays for cost, insurance, and freight to bring goods to destination port. Risk transfers when goods are on board.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> International trade, when buyer wants inclusive pricing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Seller arranges shipping, simpler for buyer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer less control over shipping costs and carrier choice<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob\">FOB<\/a>, <a href=\"#exw\">EXW<\/a>, <a href=\"#incoterms\">Incoterms<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"circular-fashion\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Circular Fashion<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sustainable approach to fashion design and production that eliminates waste by keeping materials in use through recycling, upcycling, and closed-loop systems.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainable brand strategy, product design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces waste, conserves resources, emerging regulatory requirement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex implementation, requires supply chain redesign<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#circular-economy\">Circular Economy<\/a>, <a href=\"#upcycling\">Upcycling<\/a>, <a href=\"#recycled-materials\">Recycled Materials<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"circular-knitting-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Circular Knitting Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knitting machine that produces fabric in a continuous tube using needles arranged in a circle. The primary machine for T-shirt and jersey fabric production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jersey, Rib, Fleece, Interlock fabric production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High productivity, consistent tubular fabric, various gauges available<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited to tubular fabric, requires cutting for flat fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#knitting-machine\">Knitting Machine<\/a>, <a href=\"#single-jersey-machine\">Single Jersey Machine<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey-machine\">Double Jersey Machine<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cmt\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">CMT<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Cut, Make, and Trim. A production arrangement where the buyer supplies fabric and trims, and the manufacturer provides only the cutting, sewing, and trimming services.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brands with their own fabric sourcing, private label production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Buyer controls material costs and quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer takes on more logistical responsibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#full-package-production\">Full Package Production<\/a>, <a href=\"#cut-and-sew\">Cut and Sew<\/a>, <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"colorfastness\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Colorfastness<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The resistance of a fabric’s color to fading or running when exposed to washing, light, rubbing, sweat, or other conditions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality testing, fabric specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures color durability throughout garment life<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Testing adds cost, some dyes inherently less colorfast<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wash-test\">Wash Test<\/a>, <a href=\"#light-fastness\">Light Fastness<\/a>, <a href=\"#color-testing\">Color Testing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"commercial-invoice\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Commercial Invoice<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The official transaction document between buyer and seller showing the actual amount charged. Required for customs clearance.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Customs clearance, payment, accounting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Essential legal document for international trade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be accurate to avoid customs issues<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pro-forma-invoice\">Pro Forma Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#packing-list\">Packing List<\/a>, <a href=\"#bill-of-lading\">Bill of Lading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"compression-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Compression Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A tight-fitting knit fabric that applies graduated pressure to muscles to improve performance and reduce fatigue.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Compression Tights, Shorts, Socks, Recovery Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Improves circulation, reduces muscle fatigue, supports recovery<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can be uncomfortable if too tight, sizing critical<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#power-stretch\">Power Stretch<\/a>, <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-fabrics\">Performance Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"corduroy\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Corduroy<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a distinctive ridged or waled texture created by cut pile forming cords. Made from cotton or cotton blends.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Trousers, Jackets, Shirts, Children’s Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, warm, distinctive texture, classic casual look<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, cords can wear down, vintage aesthetic not always desired<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#pile-fabrics\">Pile Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"costing-sheet\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Costing Sheet<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A detailed document calculating the total cost to produce a garment, including fabric, trims, labor, overhead, and profit margin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pricing, negotiations, production planning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Transparent cost breakdown for negotiations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires accurate material costs and labor rates<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#bom\">BOM<\/a>, <a href=\"#fob-price\">FOB Price<\/a>, <a href=\"#ex-works\">Ex-Works<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"coverstitch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Coverstitch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A professional sewing stitch that creates two parallel rows of stitching on the top and a looped stitch on the bottom. Standard for T-shirt hems.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt hems, Activewear, Knitwear hemming<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Professional finish, stretches with fabric, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires dedicated coverstitch machine<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#hemming\">Hemming<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear-construction\">Knitwear Construction<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"crepe\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Crepe<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a distinctive crinkled or pebbled texture achieved through twisted yarns or chemical treatment. Available in many fiber types.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Blouses, Trousers, Evening Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Elegant drape, wrinkle-resistant, hides figure flaws, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can stretch out of shape, some types require dry cleaning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#georgette\">Georgette<\/a>, <a href=\"#satin\">Satin<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"customs-duty\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Customs Duty<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A tax imposed on goods when they are transported across international borders. Calculated as a percentage of the customs value.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All international trade, import planning, pricing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Understanding duties helps buyers calculate true landed cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Increases cost of imported goods, varies by country and HS code<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hs-code\">HS Code<\/a>, <a href=\"#tariff\">Tariff<\/a>, <a href=\"#import-tax\">Import Tax<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cut-and-sew\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cut and Sew<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A production method where fabric is cut into pattern pieces and then sewn together. The standard method for most garment production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Most garment categories including T-shirts, hoodies, trousers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Precise construction, wide design flexibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than blank printing, requires pattern making<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cmt\">CMT<\/a>, <a href=\"#full-package-production\">Full Package Production<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitting\">Knitting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cutting\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cutting<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of cutting fabric according to pattern pieces. Can be done manually with scissors or using automated cutting machines.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment manufacturing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Precision cutting reduces waste and ensures quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cutting errors cannot be reversed<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#die-cutting\">Die Cutting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"cutting-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Cutting Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Automated equipment for cutting multiple fabric layers simultaneously. Includes straight knife, round knife, band knife, and automated CNC cutters.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment manufacturing cutting operations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Speed, precision, consistency, reduced labor<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High cost, maintenance required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"D\" class=\"glossary-letter\">D<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"damask\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Damask<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A reversible jacquard-woven fabric with patterns formed by contrasting the fabric weave structure. Pattern visible on both sides.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Table Linens, Upholstery, Formal Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Elegant, reversible, durable pattern<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, formal appearance limits casual use<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"deadstock-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Deadstock Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Unused fabric remaining from previous production runs or cancelled orders. Using deadstock reduces waste.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Small batch sustainable production, zero waste collections<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces fabric waste, unique and limited availability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited quantities, inconsistent availability, sizing limitations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#upcycling\">Upcycling<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-waste\">Fabric Waste<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainable-fashion\">Sustainable Fashion<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"denim\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Denim<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sturdy cotton twill fabric woven with indigo-dyed warp threads and undyed weft threads. The fabric of blue jeans.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jeans, Jackets, Skirts, Shorts, Workwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very durable, improves with wear, versatile, iconic aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Stiff when new, heavy, slow to dry, indigo transfers initially<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chambray\">Chambray<\/a>, <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#indigo\">Indigo<\/a>, <a href=\"#selvedge-denim\">Selvedge Denim<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"digitizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Digitizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of converting artwork into an embroidery file (DST, EMB, or PES format) that embroidery machines can read.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All embroidery production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> One-time cost, reusable file, precise stitch control<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires skilled digitizer for best results, setup cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#flat-embroidery\">Flat Embroidery<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dimensional-stability\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Dimensional Stability<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The ability of a fabric to maintain its original dimensions after washing, dry cleaning, or exposure to environmental conditions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality testing, fabric specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures garment maintains size and shape after washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Natural fibers inherently less dimensionally stable than synthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#shrinkage\">Shrinkage<\/a>, <a href=\"#wash-test\">Wash Test<\/a>, <a href=\"#sanforizing\">Sanforizing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"discharge-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Discharge Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A screen printing technique that removes the dye from fabric rather than adding ink on top, resulting in an extremely soft print with no hand feel.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium fashion T-shirts, Soft vintage-look prints<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Zero hand feel, very soft, breathable, vintage aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Only works on reactive-dyed natural fibers, chemical process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#water-based-ink\">Water-based Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#reactive-dye\">Reactive Dye<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dobby\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Dobby<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with small geometric patterns woven into the structure using a dobby loom. More complex than plain weave but simpler than jacquard.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Blouses, Neckwear, Dress Fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Subtle texture and pattern, adds interest without complexity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than plain woven fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#pique\">Pique<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"double-jersey\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Double Jersey<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric made with two sets of needles, creating a fabric with identical appearance on both sides. More stable than single jersey.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Polo Shirts, Sportswear, Dresses, Jackets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More stable, heavier, does not curl at edges, reversible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less stretchy than single jersey, higher cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#single-jersey\">Single Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#pique\">Pique<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dst-file\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DST File<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Tajima DST. The most widely used embroidery machine file format. Contains stitch data, color changes, and machine commands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Embroidery machine production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universal format compatible with most commercial embroidery machines<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not contain color information, must be specified separately<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#digitizing\">Digitizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#pes-file\">PES File<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dtf-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DTF Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Direct to Film printing. A method where designs are printed onto a special film, then transferred to fabric using heat and pressure. Works on virtually any fabric type.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Custom T-shirts, Hoodies, Any fabric including cotton, polyester, blends<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No minimum order, works on dark fabrics, vibrant colors, no weeding required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher per-unit cost than screen printing for large quantities, film waste<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtg-printing\">DTG Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dtg-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DTG Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Direct to Garment printing. A method where ink is printed directly onto fabric using modified inkjet technology. Best for complex, photographic designs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Custom T-shirts, Hoodies, Complex photographic designs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No minimum order, unlimited colors, photographic quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Best on 100% cotton, fades faster than screen print, pre-treatment required for dark garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtf-printing\">DTF Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#digital-printing\">Digital Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"dwr\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">DWR<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Durable Water Repellency. A chemical finish applied to fabric to make water bead up and roll off the surface. Used in outdoor textiles.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Rain Gear, Technical Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Water repellency without affecting breathability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Wears off over time and with washing, PFAS environmental concerns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#waterproof\">Waterproof<\/a>, <a href=\"#hydrophobic\">Hydrophobic<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-finish\">Technical Finish<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"E\" class=\"glossary-letter\">E<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"embroidery-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Embroidery Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A computerized sewing machine that creates embroidered designs automatically from digitized files. Commercial machines have multiple heads for production efficiency.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Logo embroidery, decorative stitching, badge production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High precision, consistent quality, multiple heads for efficiency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High cost, requires digitized files, setup time per design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#embroidery\">Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#digitizing\">Digitizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"enzyme-wash\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Enzyme Wash<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A biological washing process using cellulase enzymes to create a soft, worn appearance with less fabric damage than stone washing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, Cotton Casual Wear, Vintage Effects<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Less fabric damage than stone washing, eco-friendlier<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires careful control to prevent over-digestion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#stone-wash\">Stone Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-washing\">Garment Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#biopolishing\">Biopolishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"eudr\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">EUDR<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">EU Deforestation Regulation. European Union regulation requiring companies to ensure products sold in the EU have not contributed to deforestation or forest degradation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Cotton supply chains, leather supply chains, EU market access<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Prevents deforestation, requires supply chain transparency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex due diligence requirements, affects all cotton products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#traceability\">Traceability<\/a>, <a href=\"#supply-chain\">Supply Chain<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"european-sizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">European Sizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sizing system used primarily in continental Europe based on body measurements in centimeters. Different from UK and US sizing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> European market garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Based on actual body measurements, consistent<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Differs from UK and US systems, confusing internationally<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#uk-sizing\">UK Sizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#us-sizing\">US Sizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#international-sizing\">International Sizing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"exw\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">EXW<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Ex Works. The seller makes goods available at their premises. Buyer bears all costs and risks from that point, including loading.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> When buyer has own logistics capability, local pickup<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lowest price point for buyer, full control of logistics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer responsible for all export procedures and costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob\">FOB<\/a>, <a href=\"#cif\">CIF<\/a>, <a href=\"#incoterms\">Incoterms<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"F\" class=\"glossary-letter\">F<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"factory-audit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Factory Audit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An inspection of a manufacturing facility to evaluate its capabilities, compliance, working conditions, and quality systems.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> New supplier evaluation, compliance verification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Risk mitigation, ensures supplier capability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cost and time required, point-in-time snapshot<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-audit\">Quality Audit<\/a>, <a href=\"#sourcing\">Sourcing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fair-isle\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fair Isle<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knitting technique from Fair Isle in Scotland using multiple colors in a horizontal pattern. Each row uses only two colors.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweaters, Cardigans, Accessories, Traditional Knitwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Distinctive colorful patterns, traditional heritage value<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex production, more expensive, pattern-specific aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#intarsia\">Intarsia<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear\">Knitwear<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fair-trade\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fair Trade<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A trading partnership and movement that aims to achieve greater equity in international trade by ensuring fair prices, decent working conditions, and fair terms for farmers and workers.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Ethical fashion brands, conscious consumer market<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ethical sourcing credentials, premium market positioning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher production costs, limited factory availability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a>, <a href=\"#wrap\">WRAP<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fast-fashion\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fast Fashion<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A business model in the fashion industry characterized by rapid production of high volumes of clothing at low prices, following or creating trends.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Mass market retail, trend-driven brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Affordable clothing, trend accessibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Environmental damage, poor working conditions, waste generation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#slow-fashion\">Slow Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a>, <a href=\"#overconsumption\">Overconsumption<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"faux-fur\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Faux Fur<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A synthetic pile fabric designed to replicate the appearance and feel of animal fur. Made from acrylic or modacrylic fibers.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Coats, Accessories, Trim, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Animal-friendly, less expensive than real fur, washable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Sheds microplastics, hot to wear, can look artificial<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sherpa\">Sherpa<\/a>, <a href=\"#pile-fabrics\">Pile Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#acrylic\">Acrylic<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"felt\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Felt<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A nonwoven textile produced by matting, condensing, and pressing wool or synthetic fibers together using heat, moisture, and pressure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Hats, Accessories, Craft, Insulation, Industrial Applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> No fraying edges, stiff structure, excellent insulation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not elastic, can shrink, not suitable for washable garments in wool form<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#nonwoven\">Nonwoven<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a>, <a href=\"#craft-fabric\">Craft Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fil-coupe\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fil Coupe<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with a cut pile or floating threads that create a raised pattern. Related to brocade but with cut rather than uncut floats.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Luxury Garments, High Fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, luxurious appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Fragile, cut threads can fray, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a>, <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#burnout\">Burnout<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fit-model\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fit Model<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A person with specific measurements used to test garment fit during development. Their measurements define the base size for pattern making.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment development, sample fitting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consistent reference for fit evaluation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not represent all body types<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#sample\">Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flannel\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flannel<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A soft woven fabric with a brushed surface that creates a slightly fuzzy, warm texture. Traditionally wool, now commonly cotton.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Pajamas, Sheets, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very soft, warm, cozy, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills over time, not suitable for warm weather<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brushed-cotton\">Brushed Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flat-embroidery\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flat Embroidery<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Standard embroidery where thread is stitched directly onto fabric without foam backing, lying flat against the surface.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Polos, Caps, Bags, Workwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, professional appearance, wide color range, long-lasting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cannot achieve photographic quality, thread count limitations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#3d-embroidery\">3D Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#dst-file\">DST File<\/a>, <a href=\"#digitizing\">Digitizing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flatlock\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flatlock<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sewing technique that lays the seam flat against the fabric, eliminating seam bulk. Creates a distinctive decorative stitch on the outside.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Activewear, Sportswear, Swimwear, Underwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Flat, comfortable seam, no bulk against skin, decorative<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires specialized machine<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#seam-types\">Seam Types<\/a>, <a href=\"#activewear-construction\">Activewear Construction<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flatlock-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flatlock Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A specialized sewing machine that creates flat, comfortable seams by laying fabric edges together rather than overlapping them.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Activewear, Sportswear, Swimwear, Underwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Flat, comfortable seams with no bulk, decorative stitch option<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Specialized machine, higher cost than overlocker<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#flatlock-stitch\">Flatlock Stitch<\/a>, <a href=\"#activewear-construction\">Activewear Construction<\/a>, <a href=\"#overlocker\">Overlocker<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fleece\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Fleece<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A soft knit fabric with a raised, napped surface on one or both sides. Provides excellent insulation. Most commonly made from polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Hoodies, Sweatshirts, Jackets, Blankets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very warm, soft, lightweight, quick-drying<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills over time, sheds microplastics, not wind resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#french-terry\">French Terry<\/a>, <a href=\"#polar-fleece\">Polar Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#anti-pill-fleece\">Anti-Pill Fleece<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"flock-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Flock Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A decoration technique where tiny fiber particles are applied to an adhesive-coated design area to create a velvet-like texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Hoodies, Fashion Garments, Streetwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Distinctive tactile texture, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can wear off over time, requires careful washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet-print\">Velvet Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#specialty-printing\">Specialty Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"fob\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">FOB<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Free on Board. An international trade term where the seller delivers goods to a named port and loads them aboard the ship. Risk transfers to buyer when goods are on board.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> International textile trade, shipping terms<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Clear responsibility transfer point, widely understood<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Buyer responsible for all costs after loading<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cif\">CIF<\/a>, <a href=\"#exw\">EXW<\/a>, <a href=\"#incoterms\">Incoterms<\/a>, <a href=\"#shipping\">Shipping<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"foil-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Foil Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A decoration method where metallic foil is applied to fabric using heat and adhesive to create shiny, mirror-like effects.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion Garments, Evening Wear, Streetwear, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eye-catching metallic effect, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can crack or peel over time, requires careful washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#glitter-print\">Glitter Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#metallic-ink\">Metallic Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"four-way-stretch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Four-Way Stretch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric that stretches equally in all four directions – vertical, horizontal, and diagonally. Required for fitted activewear.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Activewear, Yoga Pants, Swimwear, Compression Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Maximum comfort and freedom of movement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires serger or special stitch for sewing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#two-way-stretch\">Two-Way Stretch<\/a>, <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#power-stretch\">Power Stretch<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"french-terry\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">French Terry<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with loops on one side and a smooth surface on the other. Lighter than fleece, used extensively in sweatshirts and hoodies.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sweatshirts, Hoodies, Joggers, Casual Wear, Loungewear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Comfortable, absorbent, lightweight, casual look<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less warm than fleece, loops can snag<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#loop-back\">Loop-back<\/a>, <a href=\"#terry-cloth\">Terry Cloth<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"full-package-production\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Full Package Production<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A production arrangement where the manufacturer sources all materials, produces, and delivers finished garments. Also called FOB or FPP.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brands without sourcing capabilities, startup brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Buyer has minimal involvement in sourcing and logistics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less control over material quality and cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cmt\">CMT<\/a>, <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a>, <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"G\" class=\"glossary-letter\">G<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"garment-washing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Garment Washing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Post-production washing processes applied to finished garments to achieve specific aesthetics or improve hand feel.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim finishing, vintage effects, softening<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates unique aesthetics, pre-shrinks garment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds cost and time, can weaken fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#stone-wash\">Stone Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#enzyme-wash\">Enzyme Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#acid-wash\">Acid Wash<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gauge\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gauge<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The number of needles per inch in a knitting machine. Higher gauge produces finer, lighter fabric. Lower gauge produces coarser, heavier fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Machine specification, fabric quality determination<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Determines fabric fineness and weight range possible on machine<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Different gauges required for different fabric weights<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#knitting-machine\">Knitting Machine<\/a>, <a href=\"#needle\">Needle<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-weight\">Fabric Weight<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gauze\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gauze<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thin, translucent fabric with a loose, open weave. Lightweight and breathable, used in medical and fashion applications.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Medical Dressings, Summer Garments, Overlays, Baby Clothing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely lightweight, breathable, soft<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very delicate, frays easily, not durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#muslin\">Muslin<\/a>, <a href=\"#cheesecloth\">Cheesecloth<\/a>, <a href=\"#sheer-fabrics\">Sheer Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"georgette\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Georgette<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sheer, lightweight fabric similar to chiffon but with a more crinkled texture due to highly twisted yarns in both directions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Blouses, Scarves, Evening Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Floaty drape, slightly more opaque than chiffon, elegant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, slippery, requires careful handling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#crepe\">Crepe<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gingham\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gingham<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave cotton fabric with a checked pattern formed by weaving dyed and undyed yarns in both directions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Dresses, Children’s Wear, Kitchen Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic, cheerful pattern, versatile, easy care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching required, casual aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"glitter-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Glitter Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A screen printing or heat transfer technique incorporating glitter particles for a sparkling decorative effect.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Children’s Wear, Fashion Garments, Festive Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eye-catching, decorative, popular for target markets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Glitter can shed, environmental concerns, less durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#foil-print\">Foil Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#specialty-inks\">Specialty Inks<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gold-seal-sample\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Gold Seal Sample<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The approved final sample that serves as the quality standard for bulk production. Kept by buyer and manufacturer as reference throughout production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality control benchmark during and after production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Clear quality standard for all parties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be stored carefully and kept accessible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pre-production-sample\">Pre-Production Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gots\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">GOTS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Global Organic Textile Standard. The worldwide leading textile processing standard for organic fibers, including ecological and social criteria.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Organic cotton garments, sustainable fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Premium market access, organic certification, social standards included<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex certification process, higher production costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oeko-tex\">OEKO-TEX<\/a>, <a href=\"#ocs\">OCS<\/a>, <a href=\"#organic-cotton\">Organic Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"grading\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Grading<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of proportionally increasing or decreasing a base pattern to create a range of sizes while maintaining the design proportions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Size range production, standard sizing systems<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Efficient way to create multiple sizes from one pattern<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Graded sizes may not fit all body types equally well<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#size-spec\">Size Spec<\/a>, <a href=\"#fit-sample\">Fit Sample<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"greenwashing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Greenwashing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The practice of making misleading or unsubstantiated claims about the environmental benefits of a product or company’s practices.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Marketing regulation, consumer awareness<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Understanding greenwashing helps buyers evaluate claims critically<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Widespread practice undermines genuine sustainability efforts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a>, <a href=\"#certification\">Certification<\/a>, <a href=\"#transparency\">Transparency<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"grosgrain\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Grosgrain<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A closely woven ribbed fabric or ribbon with a distinctive horizontal texture. Used primarily as ribbon or trim.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Ribbons, Hat Bands, Ties, Trimmings, Belts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Stiff, holds shape well, distinctive texture<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited use as main fabric due to stiffness<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#ribbon\">Ribbon<\/a>, <a href=\"#trim\">Trim<\/a>, <a href=\"#weave\">Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"grs\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">GRS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Global Recycled Standard. A voluntary product standard that sets requirements for third-party certification of recycled content and chain of custody.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Recycled polyester garments, recycled cotton products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Verifies recycled content claims, required for many sustainable fashion brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Certification costs, supply chain complexity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#recycled-polyester\">Recycled Polyester<\/a>, <a href=\"#rpet\">rPET<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"gsm\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">GSM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Grams per Square Meter. The standard unit for measuring fabric weight. A critical specification in all textile orders. Heavier GSM indicates thicker, heavier fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts 150-200 GSM, Sweatshirts 280-350 GSM, Hoodies 300-400 GSM<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universal measurement standard for fabric weight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not indicate fabric quality or hand feel alone<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fabric-weight\">Fabric Weight<\/a>, <a href=\"#denier\">Denier<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-specification\">Fabric Specification<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"H\" class=\"glossary-letter\">H<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"half-chest\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Half Chest<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement across the chest of a garment laid flat, from seam to seam. Equal to half the total chest circumference.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment specification, quality control measurement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standard measurement for flat garment checking<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must multiply by 2 to compare with body measurements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chest-measurement\">Chest Measurement<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a>, <a href=\"#spec-sheet\">Spec Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hand-feel\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hand Feel<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The tactile sensation when touching fabric. Described as soft, crisp, smooth, rough, etc. Critical quality parameter in fabric evaluation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fabric evaluation, quality assessment, material selection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Critical consumer satisfaction factor<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Subjective assessment, difficult to standardize<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#softener\">Softener<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-quality\">Fabric Quality<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hang-tag\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hang Tag<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A paper, cardboard, or fabric tag attached to a garment with string or a fastener, containing brand, size, price, and care information.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Retail garments, Brand presentation, Point of sale information<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Presents brand identity, removable by consumer, marketing opportunity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Easily removed or lost, adds cost to production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#woven-label\">Woven Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#packaging\">Packaging<\/a>, <a href=\"#branding\">Branding<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hardshell\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hardshell<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fully waterproof and windproof outer fabric typically using a membrane laminate technology. Does not stretch.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Rain Jackets, Mountain Wear, Extreme Weather Gear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fully waterproof, windproof, highly durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less breathable than softshell, stiff, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#softshell\">Softshell<\/a>, <a href=\"#gore-tex\">Gore-Tex<\/a>, <a href=\"#laminate\">Laminate<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"heat-press\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Heat Press<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine that applies heat and pressure to transfer designs from paper or film onto fabric. Used for heat transfer and DTF applications.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> DTF printing, heat transfer application, vinyl pressing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Versatile, relatively low cost, easy to operate<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Slower than tunnel dryers for high volume<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtf-printing\">DTF Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a>, <a href=\"#transfer-paper\">Transfer Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"heat-transfer\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Heat Transfer<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A decoration method where a design printed on special transfer paper or vinyl is applied to fabric using heat and pressure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Names and numbers on sportswear, Custom garments, Small runs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Versatile, good for small quantities, full color possible<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable than screen print or embroidery, can crack or peel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#dtf-printing\">DTF Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#vinyl-printing\">Vinyl Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#htv\">HTV<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"herringbone\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Herringbone<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A distinctive V-shaped weaving pattern resembling the bones of a herring fish. A variation of twill weave.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Jackets, Coats, Scarves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic pattern, adds visual interest, timeless aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can be difficult to match at seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#tweed\">Tweed<\/a>, <a href=\"#houndstooth\">Houndstooth<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"high-density-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">High Density Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A screen printing technique that builds up ink layers to create a raised, three-dimensional effect similar to embroidery.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium T-shirts, Streetwear, Fashion Brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Three-dimensional effect, premium appearance, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than standard screen print, multiple passes required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#rubber-print\">Rubber Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#3d-embroidery\">3D Embroidery<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hopsack\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Hopsack<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A loose, open plain weave or basket weave fabric with a slightly rough texture. Used in suiting and casual fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Suits, Jackets, Casual Trousers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, lightweight, casual-smart appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less durable, snags more easily than tight weaves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#basket-weave\">Basket Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting\">Suiting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"houndstooth\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Houndstooth<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A classic broken check pattern with pointed four-pointed shapes. A variation of twill weave in two contrasting colors.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Jackets, Coats, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic, timeless pattern, versatile in formal and casual contexts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching at seams required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#herringbone\">Herringbone<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hps\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">HPS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">High Point Shoulder. The highest point of the shoulder seam at the neck. Used as a reference point for measuring garment length.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment length specification, quality control<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consistent reference point for length measurements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be clearly defined on spec sheet to avoid confusion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#body-length\">Body Length<\/a>, <a href=\"#garment-measurements\">Garment Measurements<\/a>, <a href=\"#spec-sheet\">Spec Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"hs-code\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">HS Code<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Harmonized System Code. An international standardized numerical method of classifying traded products. Essential for customs clearance and calculating import duties.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Export documentation, customs clearance, duty calculation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universal classification system for international trade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Incorrect classification can lead to fines and delays<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#customs\">Customs<\/a>, <a href=\"#tariff\">Tariff<\/a>, <a href=\"#export-documentation\">Export Documentation<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"htv\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">HTV<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Heat Transfer Vinyl. A vinyl material that is cut into shapes and applied to fabric using heat and pressure. Used for names, numbers, and simple designs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sports Jerseys, Custom Names, Simple Graphics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, available in many colors and finishes, precise edges<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited to simple designs without gradients, can peel at edges<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#heat-transfer\">Heat Transfer<\/a>, <a href=\"#vinyl-cutting\">Vinyl Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"I\" class=\"glossary-letter\">I<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"incoterms\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Incoterms<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">International Commercial Terms. A series of pre-defined commercial terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce relating to international trade.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All international trade contracts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Universally understood, reduces misunderstandings in international trade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be specified correctly to avoid disputes<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob\">FOB<\/a>, <a href=\"#cif\">CIF<\/a>, <a href=\"#exw\">EXW<\/a>, <a href=\"#ddp\">DDP<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"inseam\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Inseam<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement from the crotch to the bottom hem of trouser legs. Critical measurement for trouser fitting.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Trouser and shorts specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Key trouser fitting measurement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Varies significantly between body types<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#outseam\">Outseam<\/a>, <a href=\"#rise\">Rise<\/a>, <a href=\"#trouser-measurements\">Trouser Measurements<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"intarsia\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Intarsia<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knitting technique using separate sections of yarn in different colors to create large-scale color patterns or motifs.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Designer Knitwear, Sweaters with Motifs, High Fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Large-scale patterns possible, no floats on wrong side<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex production, multiple yarn ends to manage<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fair-isle\">Fair Isle<\/a>, <a href=\"#jacquard-knit\">Jacquard Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#knitwear\">Knitwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"interfacing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Interfacing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A material used to stabilize, stiffen, or add body to specific garment areas. Available in woven, non-woven, and knit versions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Collars, Cuffs, Button Plackets, Waistbands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Provides structure without bulk<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Fusible types can bubble or separate after washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interlining\">Interlining<\/a>, <a href=\"#lining\">Lining<\/a>, <a href=\"#nonwoven\">Nonwoven<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"interlinig\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Interlinig<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric attached to the wrong side of the main fabric to add support, structure, or warmth. Can be sewn or fusible (iron-on).<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Collars, Cuffs, Waistbands, Jacket Fronts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Adds structure and support, improves garment appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds weight and stiffness, fusible can separate over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interfacing\">Interfacing<\/a>, <a href=\"#lining\">Lining<\/a>, <a href=\"#structure\">Structure<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"interlock\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Interlock<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A double-knit fabric where two single jersey fabrics are interknitted together. Very smooth on both sides with excellent stability.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baby Clothing, Underwear, T-shirts, Polo Shirts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very smooth, stable, does not curl, comfortable against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less stretchy, heavier than single jersey<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#single-jersey\">Single Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"iso-9001\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">ISO 9001<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">International standard for quality management systems. Demonstrates a manufacturer’s ability to consistently provide products meeting customer and regulatory requirements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Manufacturing facilities, export-oriented factories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> International recognition, improves production processes, customer confidence<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Significant investment in documentation and auditing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#quality-management\">Quality Management<\/a>, <a href=\"#iso-standards\">ISO Standards<\/a>, <a href=\"#audit\">Audit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"J\" class=\"glossary-letter\">J<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"jacquard\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Jacquard<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric with complex patterns woven directly into the structure using a Jacquard loom. Patterns are integral to the fabric, not printed or embroidered.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Ties, Upholstery, Evening Wear, Formal Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Intricate patterns, durable design that does not fade or wash out<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Expensive, complex production, heavier weight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a>, <a href=\"#damask\">Damask<\/a>, <a href=\"#tapestry\">Tapestry<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"jersey\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Jersey<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A single-knit fabric with a smooth face and looped back. The most common knit fabric used in T-shirts and casual wear.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Dresses, Underwear, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, stretchy, comfortable, affordable, easy to care for<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Curls at edges when cut, can stretch out of shape<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#single-jersey\">Single Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"K\" class=\"glossary-letter\">K<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"knitting-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Knitting Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine that creates knitted fabric by interlocking loops of yarn. Available in flatbed and circular configurations for different fabric types.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Hoodies, Socks, Sweaters, All knit fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High production speed, consistent fabric quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High capital cost, requires maintenance expertise<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#circular-knitting\">Circular Knitting<\/a>, <a href=\"#flatbed-knitting\">Flatbed Knitting<\/a>, <a href=\"#warp-knitting-machine\">Warp Knitting Machine<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"L\" class=\"glossary-letter\">L<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lace\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lace<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An openwork fabric with patterns formed by looping, twisting, or knitting threads. Can be handmade or machine-made.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Bridal Wear, Evening Wear, Trim, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, elegant, intricate patterns<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, snags easily, expensive (especially handmade)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#guipure-lace\">Guipure Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#chantilly-lace\">Chantilly Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#net\">Net<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"laminate\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Laminate<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric bonded with a functional membrane or film layer. Commonly used for waterproof breathable fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Rainwear, Technical Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Waterproof or water-resistant, can be breathable, windproof<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can delaminate, requires specific care, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gore-tex\">Gore-Tex<\/a>, <a href=\"#bonded-fabric\">Bonded Fabric<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"landed-cost\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Landed Cost<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total cost of a product when it reaches the buyer’s door, including purchase price, freight, insurance, customs duties, and other charges.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pricing analysis, supplier comparison, profitability calculation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Gives true picture of product cost for pricing decisions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to calculate accurately, varies by destination<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fob-price\">FOB Price<\/a>, <a href=\"#customs-duty\">Customs Duty<\/a>, <a href=\"#freight-cost\">Freight Cost<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"laser-cutting\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Laser Cutting<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Using laser technology to cut fabric or create decorative patterns and perforations. Provides precise, sealed edges on synthetic fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Decorative perforations, Lace effects, Precise cutting on synthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely precise, sealed edges prevent fraying on synthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not suitable for all fabrics, burning smell, slower than die cutting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#die-cutting\">Die Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#perforation\">Perforation<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-decoration\">Technical Decoration<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lawn\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lawn<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fine, lightweight plain-weave cotton or linen fabric with a crisp finish. Higher thread count than muslin.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Dresses, Blouses, Children’s Wear, Handkerchiefs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth, crisp, lightweight, breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Semi-sheer, wrinkles easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#batiste\">Batiste<\/a>, <a href=\"#voile\">Voile<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lc\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">LC<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Letter of Credit. A payment mechanism where a bank guarantees payment to an exporter on behalf of an importer, provided all documentary conditions are met.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Large international orders, new business relationships<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Security for both buyer and seller, bank guarantee<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex, costly, time-consuming to establish<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#payment-terms\">Payment Terms<\/a>, <a href=\"#t\/t\">T\/T<\/a>, <a href=\"#documentary-collection\">Documentary Collection<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lead-time\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lead Time<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total time from order confirmation to delivery. Includes sampling, approval, bulk production, quality control, and shipping. Typically 25-45 days for bulk orders in Turkey.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Production planning, delivery scheduling, client communication<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows buyers to plan inventory and retail launches<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Longer lead times require advance planning and forecasting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#moq\">MOQ<\/a>, <a href=\"#sample-lead-time\">Sample Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#production-calendar\">Production Calendar<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"lining\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Lining<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric layer sewn inside a garment to cover construction details, improve comfort, and add structure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Coats, Suits, Skirts, Dresses<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth interior finish, easier to put on, adds warmth<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds cost and production time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interlining\">Interlining<\/a>, <a href=\"#shell-fabric\">Shell Fabric<\/a>, <a href=\"#construction\">Construction<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"loom\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Loom<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine used to weave fabric by interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles. Available in shuttle, rapier, air-jet, and water-jet configurations.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, Shirting, Suiting, All woven fabric production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Produces stable woven fabrics in wide range of constructions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High capital cost, slower than knitting for some fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#weaving\">Weaving<\/a>, <a href=\"#warp\">Warp<\/a>, <a href=\"#weft\">Weft<\/a>, <a href=\"#rapier-loom\">Rapier Loom<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"M\" class=\"glossary-letter\">M<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"madras\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Madras<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight cotton fabric with a plaid or checked pattern, originally from Madras (Chennai), India. Colors intentionally bleed together.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Shirts, Casual Trousers, Shorts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Colorful, casual, breathable, distinctive style<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Colors bleed when washed (considered a feature by some), very casual<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#gingham\">Gingham<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"marker-making\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Marker Making<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of arranging all pattern pieces on fabric to minimize waste during cutting. Typically done with CAD software.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pre-cutting planning, fabric efficiency optimization<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces fabric waste, lowers material costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires specialized software and skill<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"matelasse\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Matelasse<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A jacquard-woven fabric with a quilted or padded appearance created by the weave structure, not actual padding.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Structured Jackets, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Elegant three-dimensional appearance, structured<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, expensive, formal aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jacquard\">Jacquard<\/a>, <a href=\"#brocade\">Brocade<\/a>, <a href=\"#quilted-fabric\">Quilted Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"mercerizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Mercerizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A chemical treatment for cotton fabric using caustic soda that increases luster, strength, and dye affinity. Named after John Mercer who invented it.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Premium cotton fabrics, shirting, knitwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Increases luster and strength, improves dye uptake, dimensional stability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Additional processing cost, chemical process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton-treatment\">Cotton Treatment<\/a>, <a href=\"#luster\">Luster<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"mesh\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Mesh<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An open-structure fabric with spaces between yarns or fibers. Available in knit or woven construction in various hole sizes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Lingerie, Bags, Technical Applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, lightweight, dries quickly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not opaque, can snag, limited protection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#net\">Net<\/a>, <a href=\"#tulle\">Tulle<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-fabrics\">Performance Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"microplastics\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Microplastics<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Tiny plastic particles shed from synthetic textiles during washing. A major environmental concern, entering waterways and food chains.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Environmental impact assessment, product development<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Awareness drives development of microplastic filters and alternative materials<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Significant environmental damage, no current solution<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#polyester\">Polyester<\/a>, <a href=\"#synthetic-fibers\">Synthetic Fibers<\/a>, <a href=\"#environmental-impact\">Environmental Impact<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"modular-production\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Modular Production<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A team-based sewing system where small groups of workers complete entire garments, with each team member cross-trained on multiple operations.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality-focused manufacturing, quick response production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Better quality control, team accountability, flexibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires extensive training, lower output than assembly line<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#assembly-line\">Assembly Line<\/a>, <a href=\"#production-system\">Production System<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"moleskin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Moleskin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A heavy cotton fabric with a suede-like napped finish. Not made from actual mole fur. Dense and durable.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Workwear, Casual Trousers, Jackets, Notebooks<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very durable, soft napped surface, warm<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, shows wear over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#suede\">Suede<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#brushed-fabric\">Brushed Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"moq\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">MOQ<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Minimum Order Quantity. The smallest number of units a manufacturer will produce in a single order. Standard MOQ in Turkish textile manufacturing is 100-300 pieces per design.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All B2B textile orders, pricing negotiations, production planning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures production efficiency and cost-effectiveness for manufacturers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can be barrier for small brands or startups with limited budget<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#sample-order\">Sample Order<\/a>, <a href=\"#bulk-production\">Bulk Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"muslin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Muslin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave cotton fabric in various weights. Used extensively in fashion for making test garments (toiles) before cutting expensive fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Toiles\/Muslins for pattern testing, Lightweight Summer Wear, Home Textiles<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Inexpensive, versatile, available in many weights<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not very durable, wrinkles easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gauze\">Gauze<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"N\" class=\"glossary-letter\">N<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"neoprene\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Neoprene<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A synthetic rubber fabric used in textile applications for its thickness, stretch, and structure. Textile neoprene is bonded to fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Structured Dresses, Wetsuits, Bags, Technical Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Holds structure, comfortable stretch, insulating<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, not breathable, difficult to sew<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#scuba\">Scuba<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"nonwoven\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Nonwoven<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric-like material made from fibers bonded together by chemical, thermal, or mechanical means rather than weaving or knitting.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Interfacing, Medical Textiles, Geotextiles, Disposable Products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Low cost, versatile, can be engineered for specific properties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Generally not as durable as woven or knit fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#interfacing\">Interfacing<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-textiles\">Technical Textiles<\/a>, <a href=\"#felt\">Felt<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"O\" class=\"glossary-letter\">O<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"ocs\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">OCS<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Organic Content Standard. A voluntary global standard that verifies the presence and amount of organic material in a final product.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Products claiming organic content, sustainable fashion<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Verifies organic content claims, consumer trust<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Does not cover processing chemicals or social criteria like GOTS<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gots\">GOTS<\/a>, <a href=\"#organic-cotton\">Organic Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#certification\">Certification<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"odm\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">ODM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Original Design Manufacturer. A company that designs and manufactures products that are sold under another company’s brand.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fast fashion brands, retailers without design teams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Faster to market, lower development costs for buyer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less unique products, manufacturer owns original design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a>, <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#white-label\">White Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"oeko-tex-standard-100\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">OEKO-TEX Standard 100<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">An independent testing and certification system for textile raw materials, intermediate and end products. Tests for harmful substances.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Baby clothing, skin-contact garments, bedding, premium apparel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consumer trust, access to EU and premium markets, proves product safety<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Annual recertification required, testing costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#gots\">GOTS<\/a>, <a href=\"#bluesign\">Bluesign<\/a>, <a href=\"#certification\">Certification<\/a>, <a href=\"#chemical-safety\">Chemical Safety<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"oem\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">OEM<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Original Equipment Manufacturer. A company that produces goods based on another company’s designs and specifications, sold under the buyer’s brand.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Private label production, white label manufacturing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows brands to focus on design and marketing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Manufacturer has full production knowledge<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#odm\">ODM<\/a>, <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#cmt\">CMT<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"organza\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Organza<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thin, plain-weave sheer fabric originally made from silk, now commonly polyester or nylon. Crisp and stiff unlike chiffon.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Bridal Wear, Evening Gowns, Overlays, Decorative Elements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Holds structure, sheer beauty, elegant for formal wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Stiff, rustles, difficult to sew, shows every imperfection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#silk\">Silk<\/a>, <a href=\"#tulle\">Tulle<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"overlock\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Overlock<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sewing machine stitch that simultaneously trims the seam allowance, encases the raw edge, and sews the seam. Creates a clean, professional finish.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt seams, knitwear construction, seam finishing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fast, clean finish, prevents fraying<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Difficult to unpick, limited to certain applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#serger\">Serger<\/a>, <a href=\"#flatlock\">Flatlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#seam-finishing\">Seam Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"overlocker\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Overlocker<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Also called a serger. A sewing machine that simultaneously trims, overlocks, and sews seams. Essential for professional knitwear construction.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Knitwear seaming, seam finishing, edge finishing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Fast, professional finish, prevents fraying<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited to seam finishing applications<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#serger\">Serger<\/a>, <a href=\"#flatlock-machine\">Flatlock Machine<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"oxford\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Oxford<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain or basket-weave fabric characterized by a two-over, two-under weave pattern. Commonly used in button-down shirts.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Oxford Shirts, Casual Button-downs, School Uniforms<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, breathable, casual but neat appearance, easy care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less formal than poplin, can look bulky<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#poplin\">Poplin<\/a>, <a href=\"#pinpoint-oxford\">Pinpoint Oxford<\/a>, <a href=\"#basket-weave\">Basket Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"P\" class=\"glossary-letter\">P<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"packing-list\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Packing List<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A document detailing the contents of each package in a shipment, including item descriptions, quantities, weights, and dimensions.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Customs clearance, warehouse receiving, order verification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Enables accurate customs inspection and inventory management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be accurate to avoid customs delays<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#commercial-invoice\">Commercial Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#bill-of-lading\">Bill of Lading<\/a>, <a href=\"#shipping-documents\">Shipping Documents<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pattern-making\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pattern Making<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of creating templates (patterns) for each piece of a garment that will be cut from fabric. The foundation of garment construction.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment manufacturing, fashion design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures consistent sizing and fit across production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires skilled pattern makers, time-consuming<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a>, <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#techpack\">Techpack<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"payment-terms\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Payment Terms<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The agreed conditions specifying when and how payment is made between buyer and seller. Common terms: 30% deposit, 70% before shipment.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All B2B transactions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Clear expectations for both parties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Negotiation required, risk differs between buyer and seller<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#t\/t\">T\/T<\/a>, <a href=\"#lc\">LC<\/a>, <a href=\"#pro-forma-invoice\">Pro Forma Invoice<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"peach-finish\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Peach Finish<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mechanical finishing process that creates an ultra-soft, velvety surface resembling peach skin. Achieved through specialized brushing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Shorts, Premium Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely soft hand feel, premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Reduces fabric durability slightly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sueding\">Sueding<\/a>, <a href=\"#brushing\">Brushing<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pilling\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pilling<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The formation of small fiber balls on fabric surface due to friction during wear or washing. Common in low-quality knitwear.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality testing, fabric evaluation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Anti-pill treatments and combed yarns reduce pilling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Inevitable in most knit fabrics over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#anti-pill\">Anti-Pill<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-quality\">Fabric Quality<\/a>, <a href=\"#wear-testing\">Wear Testing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pinstripe\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pinstripe<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A very fine stripe pattern on a dark background, characteristic of formal suiting fabrics. Named for the pin-thin width of the stripes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Business Suits, Formal Trousers, Professional Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Slimming effect, professional and formal aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very formal, limited to business contexts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chalk-stripe\">Chalk Stripe<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting\">Suiting<\/a>, <a href=\"#formal-fabric\">Formal Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pique\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pique<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A woven or knit fabric with a raised geometric pattern, typically a waffle or honeycomb texture. Most commonly associated with polo shirts.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Polo Shirts, Sportswear, Dresses, Vests<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, textured appearance, holds shape well, classic look<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less soft than jersey, heavier<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#polo-shirt\">Polo Shirt<\/a>, <a href=\"#honeycomb\">Honeycomb<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"plaid\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Plaid<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A pattern of crossed horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colors. Originated in Scottish tartan tradition.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Shirts, Skirts, Blankets, Scarves, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic pattern, versatile, many variations available<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching required at seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#tartan\">Tartan<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#flannel\">Flannel<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"plastisol-ink\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Plastisol Ink<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A PVC-based ink used in screen printing. The most common screen printing ink, known for vibrant colors and durability.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt screen printing, promotional garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Vibrant colors, durable, opaque on dark garments, easy to use<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Contains PVC, not eco-friendly, can crack if applied too thickly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#water-based-ink\">Water-based Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#discharge-ink\">Discharge Ink<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pointelle\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pointelle<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fine knit fabric with a delicate pattern of small holes creating a lacy effect. The holes are formed during the knitting process.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Feminine Tops, Baby Clothing, Cardigans, Delicate Knitwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Decorative, feminine aesthetic, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Delicate, requires careful handling<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lace-knit\">Lace Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#fine-knitwear\">Fine Knitwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"polar-fleece\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Polar Fleece<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A high-loft polyester fleece fabric with a thick, soft pile on both sides. Excellent insulation properties.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Blankets, Hats, Cold Weather Gear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very warm, lightweight, quick-drying, hypoallergenic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills, sheds microplastics, not windproof<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#microfleece\">Microfleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#anti-pill-fleece\">Anti-Pill Fleece<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"ponte\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Ponte<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A double-knit fabric with a firm, stable structure and smooth surface. Holds its shape exceptionally well.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Trousers, Jackets, Professional Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Holds shape well, wrinkle-resistant, comfortable, professional appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less breathable, can feel warm<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a>, <a href=\"#scuba\">Scuba<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"poplin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Poplin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plain-weave fabric with fine horizontal ribs created by using a heavier weft yarn. Smooth, crisp, and formal appearance.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dress Shirts, School Uniforms, Blouses, Formal Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth, crisp, formal appearance, breathable, easy to iron<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Shows wrinkles easily, less casual than oxford<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oxford\">Oxford<\/a>, <a href=\"#broadcloth\">Broadcloth<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"power-stretch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Power Stretch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A four-way stretch knit fabric with high elasticity and excellent recovery. Used in compression and performance garments.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Compression Wear, Base Layers, Swimwear, Cycling Shorts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Four-way stretch, excellent recovery, body-hugging fit<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very revealing, requires flat seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#compression-fabric\">Compression Fabric<\/a>, <a href=\"#swimwear\">Swimwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pre-production-sample\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pre-Production Sample<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sample made from the actual bulk production materials and in the final factory after approval of the development sample. Final check before bulk production begins.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Final quality verification before committing to bulk production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Catches last-minute issues with actual production materials<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds time to production schedule<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sample\">Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#gold-seal-sample\">Gold Seal Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#bulk-production\">Bulk Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pre-shipment-inspection\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pre-Shipment Inspection<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A quality check performed after production is complete and before goods are shipped. Typically when 80-100% of goods are packed.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All international textile orders<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Final opportunity to catch and correct defects before shipping<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Issues found may delay shipment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#aql\">AQL<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a>, <a href=\"#third-party-inspection\">Third Party Inspection<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"printed-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Printed Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A label with information printed directly onto fabric or tape. Less expensive than woven labels but less durable.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Care labels, Size labels, Price labels<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lower cost, can include detailed information, soft against skin<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Print can fade with washing, less premium appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#woven-label\">Woven Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#heat-transfer-label\">Heat Transfer Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#care-label\">Care Label<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"private-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Private Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Products manufactured by one company but sold under another company’s brand name. The retailer or brand owner controls branding and marketing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Retail chains, online brands, boutiques<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Brand control without manufacturing investment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Dependent on manufacturer quality and reliability<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a>, <a href=\"#white-label\">White Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#custom-manufacturing\">Custom Manufacturing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"pro-forma-invoice\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Pro Forma Invoice<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A preliminary invoice sent to a buyer before shipment, confirming order details, pricing, and payment terms. Not a final invoice.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pre-payment requests, customs documentation, order confirmation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Confirms order details before production begins<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not legally binding as a final invoice<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#commercial-invoice\">Commercial Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#purchase-order\">Purchase Order<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"production-calendar\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Production Calendar<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A scheduling document showing all stages of production with dates, from order confirmation through delivery.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Factory planning, buyer communication, deadline management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Keeps all parties informed of progress and deadlines<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be updated when delays occur<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#critical-path\">Critical Path<\/a>, <a href=\"#t&a-calendar\">T&A Calendar<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"purchase-order\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Purchase Order<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A legal document issued by a buyer to a seller authorizing a purchase. Details product specifications, quantities, prices, and delivery terms.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All commercial transactions between buyer and manufacturer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Legally binding document, protects both parties<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Binding commitment, changes can incur costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#rfq\">RFQ<\/a>, <a href=\"#invoice\">Invoice<\/a>, <a href=\"#contract\">Contract<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Q\" class=\"glossary-letter\">Q<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"quality-control\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Quality Control<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of ensuring products meet specified quality standards. Includes in-line, end-of-line, and pre-shipment inspections.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All stages of garment production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Prevents defective goods from reaching customers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds cost and time to production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#aql\">AQL<\/a>, <a href=\"#inspection\">Inspection<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-assurance\">Quality Assurance<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"quilted-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Quilted Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sandwich of two fabric layers with padding between them, stitched together in a decorative pattern.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Vests, Bags, Home Textiles, Winter Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Warm, decorative stitching adds texture, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulky, difficult to alter, padding can shift<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#padding\">Padding<\/a>, <a href=\"#insulation\">Insulation<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"R\" class=\"glossary-letter\">R<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"raschel-lace\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Raschel Lace<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Machine-made lace produced on Raschel warp-knitting machines. The most common form of commercial lace production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Decorative Trim, Fashion Garments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Cost-effective lace production, consistent quality<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less prestigious than handmade lace<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lace\">Lace<\/a>, <a href=\"#warp-knit\">Warp Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rfq\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">RFQ<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Request for Quotation. A formal document sent by a buyer to a supplier requesting pricing and terms for specific products or services.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> B2B procurement, supplier selection, price comparison<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standardized way to request and compare supplier pricing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming for both buyer and supplier<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#purchase-order\">Purchase Order<\/a>, <a href=\"#po\">PO<\/a>, <a href=\"#quotation\">Quotation<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rib-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Rib Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with vertical ridges created by alternating knit and purl stitches. Highly elastic in the horizontal direction.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Cuffs, Collars, Waistbands, T-shirt Hems, Sweater Bodies<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Excellent horizontal elasticity, good recovery, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can distort if stretched excessively<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#1x1-rib\">1×1 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#2x2-rib\">2×2 Rib<\/a>, <a href=\"#waffle-knit\">Waffle Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"ripstop\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Ripstop<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A nylon, polyester, or cotton fabric woven with a special reinforcing technique using thicker threads at regular intervals to prevent tearing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Gear, Military Uniforms, Bags, Parachutes, Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Tear-resistant, lightweight, durable, distinctive grid pattern<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Grid pattern may not suit all aesthetics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#nylon\">Nylon<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#cordura\">Cordura<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rise\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Rise<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The measurement from the crotch seam to the waistband top. Determines how high or low a trouser sits on the body.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Trouser specification, fit determination<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Determines trouser style (high-rise, mid-rise, low-rise)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Comfort highly subjective<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#inseam\">Inseam<\/a>, <a href=\"#outseam\">Outseam<\/a>, <a href=\"#waist-measurement\">Waist Measurement<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"rubber-print\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Rubber Print<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thick, glossy screen printing technique using rubber-based inks that sit on top of fabric, creating a raised, rubbery texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Streetwear, Logos<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, distinctive texture and shine, opaque on dark fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can crack if applied too thick, heavy hand feel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#specialty-inks\">Specialty Inks<\/a>, <a href=\"#high-density-print\">High Density Print<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"S\" class=\"glossary-letter\">S<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sa8000\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">SA8000<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Social Accountability 8000. An auditable certification standard that encourages organizations to develop, maintain, and apply socially acceptable practices in the workplace.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Factories seeking highest level social compliance certification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Globally recognized, comprehensive worker rights standard<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex implementation, significant costs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#bsci\">BSCI<\/a>, <a href=\"#wrap\">WRAP<\/a>, <a href=\"#fair-trade\">Fair Trade<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sample\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sample<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A prototype garment produced before bulk production to verify fit, construction, fabric, and design. Multiple sample rounds may be required before approval.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Design approval, fit testing, photography, buyer presentation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Identifies issues before expensive bulk production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Adds time and cost to development process<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#salesman-sample\">Salesman Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#pre-production-sample\">Pre-Production Sample<\/a>, <a href=\"#gold-seal-sample\">Gold Seal Sample<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sanforizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sanforizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A mechanical pre-shrinking process for cotton fabric that limits further shrinkage to less than 1% after washing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, cotton shirting, casualwear fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Guarantees dimensional stability, eliminates need for pre-washing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Additional processing cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#shrinkage\">Shrinkage<\/a>, <a href=\"#pre-washing\">Pre-Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"satin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Satin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A weave structure characterized by a glossy face and dull back, achieved by floating warp threads over multiple weft threads.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Lingerie, Linings, Bridal Wear, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lustrous, smooth, elegant appearance, drapes beautifully<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Snags easily, shows marks, slippery to sew<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#silk-satin\">Silk Satin<\/a>, <a href=\"#polyester-satin\">Polyester Satin<\/a>, <a href=\"#charmeuse\">Charmeuse<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"screen-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Screen Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A printing method where ink is pushed through a mesh screen onto fabric. Each color requires a separate screen. The most common method for bulk garment printing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Hoodies, Promotional Wear, High-volume custom printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Durable, vibrant colors, cost-effective for large quantities, works on many fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Setup costs for screens, minimum quantities required, color limitations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plastisol-ink\">Plastisol Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#water-based-ink\">Water-based Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#dtf\">DTF<\/a>, <a href=\"#discharge-printing\">Discharge Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"screen-printing-machine\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Screen Printing Machine<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Equipment used to apply ink through screens onto fabric or garments. Available in manual, semi-automatic, and automatic carousel configurations.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirt printing, garment decoration, textile printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High volume production, consistent results<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Setup time and cost per design, screen storage<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#carousel-printer\">Carousel Printer<\/a>, <a href=\"#flash-dryer\">Flash Dryer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"scuba\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Scuba<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A type of double-knit polyester fabric with a smooth, slightly stretchy surface and excellent shape retention. Does not wrinkle.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Dresses, Skirts, Structured Garments, Sportswear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Wrinkle-free, holds shape, easy care, smooth surface<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not breathable, synthetic feel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#ponte\">Ponte<\/a>, <a href=\"#neoprene\">Neoprene<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"seam-allowance\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Seam Allowance<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The extra fabric between the cutting line and the seam line that is used when sewing pieces together. Standard is 1cm or 5\/8 inch.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pattern making, garment construction<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Provides fabric for seams and adjustments<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Must be accounted for in pattern and material calculations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pattern-making\">Pattern Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#seam\">Seam<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"seersucker\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Seersucker<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A thin plain-weave fabric with alternating puckered and flat sections, creating a distinctive crinkled texture.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Summer Suits, Shirts, Casual Summer Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, breathable, does not need ironing, cool in hot weather<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very casual, distinctive texture not suitable for all occasions<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a>, <a href=\"#summer-fabrics\">Summer Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#plain-weave\">Plain Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sewing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sewing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of joining cut fabric pieces together using needle and thread. The core manufacturing process in garment production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment assembly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Flexible, can accommodate complex designs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Labor-intensive, stitch quality varies by operator<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#seam\">Seam<\/a>, <a href=\"#stitch\">Stitch<\/a>, <a href=\"#overlock\">Overlock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sharkskin\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sharkskin<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A smooth, two-tone twill-weave fabric with a subtle iridescent quality. The alternating warp and weft create a fish-scale effect.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Formal Suits, Trousers, Women’s Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Smooth, subtle sheen, professional appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can look shiny under certain lighting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#twill\">Twill<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting-fabric\">Suiting Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"shearling\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Shearling<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Sheepskin that has been tanned with the wool still attached, or a synthetic fabric designed to replicate this material.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Coats, Jackets, Boots, Accessories, Aviator Jackets<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Extremely warm, luxurious appearance, durable (genuine)<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, expensive (genuine), requires special care<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sheepskin\">Sheepskin<\/a>, <a href=\"#faux-fur\">Faux Fur<\/a>, <a href=\"#sherpa\">Sherpa<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sherpa\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sherpa<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a fluffy, textured surface on one side designed to mimic the look and feel of sheep’s wool.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jacket Linings, Blankets, Coats, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very warm, soft, cozy aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pills, sheds fibers, not breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fleece\">Fleece<\/a>, <a href=\"#faux-fur\">Faux Fur<\/a>, <a href=\"#teddy-fabric\">Teddy Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"shrinkage\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Shrinkage<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The reduction in fabric dimensions after washing or finishing. Must be accounted for in pattern making and fabric ordering.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pattern adjustment, fabric specification, quality testing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Pre-washing fabric eliminates future shrinkage issues<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> If not accounted for, finished garments will be smaller than intended<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#pre-washing\">Pre-Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#sanforizing\">Sanforizing<\/a>, <a href=\"#dimensional-stability\">Dimensional Stability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"single-jersey\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Single Jersey<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The simplest weft-knit fabric structure, knitted with one set of needles. Has a distinct face and back side.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Underwear, Lightweight Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, soft, economical to produce<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Curls at edges, less stable than double knits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#jersey\">Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#double-jersey\">Double Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#interlock\">Interlock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"size-chart\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Size Chart<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A reference guide showing measurements for each size in a garment range, including chest, waist, hip, and length measurements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment specification, consumer guidance, production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Ensures consistent sizing across production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Sizing varies between brands and countries<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#grading\">Grading<\/a>, <a href=\"#fit\">Fit<\/a>, <a href=\"#measurement-spec\">Measurement Spec<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"slow-fashion\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Slow Fashion<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A movement and design philosophy that considers the processes and resources required to make clothing, and advocates for buying better-quality garments that will last longer.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainable brand strategy, consumer education<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces waste, promotes quality over quantity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher prices may limit accessibility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#fast-fashion\">Fast Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#sustainable-fashion\">Sustainable Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality\">Quality<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"softener\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Softener<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A chemical finish applied to fabric to improve softness and hand feel. Can be applied during dyeing or as a separate finishing step.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Most fabric types to improve comfort<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Improves comfort, reduces static, easier to iron<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Reduces moisture absorption, can reduce DWR effectiveness<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hand-feel\">Hand Feel<\/a>, <a href=\"#finishing\">Finishing<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-treatment\">Fabric Treatment<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"softshell\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Softshell<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A flexible, stretch-woven or knit fabric with water-resistant properties. More breathable than hardshell but less waterproof.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Active Wear, Running Gear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Breathable, stretchy, water-resistant, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not fully waterproof, less durable than hardshell<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#hardshell\">Hardshell<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#dwr\">DWR<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sourcing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sourcing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of finding, evaluating, and selecting manufacturers, suppliers, and materials for product development and production.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brand development, supply chain management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Finding best quality and price combinations<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming, requires expertise and relationships<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#supply-chain\">Supply Chain<\/a>, <a href=\"#vendor\">Vendor<\/a>, <a href=\"#factory-audit\">Factory Audit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"spacer-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Spacer Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A three-dimensional knit fabric with two outer layers connected by a spacer yarn, creating a sandwich structure.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sports Bras, Technical Footwear, Protective Padding, Automotive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Cushioning, breathable, lightweight, moisture management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Bulky, technical production required<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#3d-knitting\">3D Knitting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"spreader\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Spreader<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A machine that automatically lays fabric layers onto a cutting table for cutting. Can be set to specific layer counts and lay lengths.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> High-volume garment production, pre-cutting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Consistent lay quality, faster than manual spreading<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High capital cost, space requirement<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spreading\">Spreading<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#production-equipment\">Production Equipment<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"spreading\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Spreading<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of laying multiple layers of fabric on a cutting table in preparation for cutting. Can be done manually or by machine.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Pre-cutting process in all garment factories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows multiple layers to be cut simultaneously for efficiency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Fabric distortion can occur if not spread correctly<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#cutting\">Cutting<\/a>, <a href=\"#lay-plan\">Lay Plan<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"stone-wash\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Stone Wash<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A garment finishing process where pumice stones are used in washing machines to create a faded, worn appearance on denim.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim jeans, jackets, casual wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates authentic vintage appearance<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Damages fabric fibers, shortens garment life, machine wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#garment-washing\">Garment Washing<\/a>, <a href=\"#acid-wash\">Acid Wash<\/a>, <a href=\"#enzyme-wash\">Enzyme Wash<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"stretch-woven\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Stretch Woven<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A woven fabric incorporating elastic fibers (spandex\/elastane) to provide stretch while maintaining the structure of a woven fabric.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Stretch Jeans, Formal Trousers, Fitted Shirts, Active Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Combines structure of woven with comfort of stretch<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> More expensive than non-stretch woven<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#spandex\">Spandex<\/a>, <a href=\"#elastane\">Elastane<\/a>, <a href=\"#denim\">Denim<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sublimation-printing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sublimation Printing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A printing method where dye is transferred into polyester fabric using heat, becoming part of the fiber structure. Produces vibrant, all-over prints.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Swimwear, All-over print garments, Polyester products<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Unlimited colors, photographic quality, no hand feel, very durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Only works on white or light polyester, not suitable for cotton<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#all-over-print\">All-over Print<\/a>, <a href=\"#digital-printing\">Digital Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#polyester\">Polyester<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"suedette\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Suedette<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A synthetic fabric designed to replicate the look and feel of suede leather. Made from microfiber polyester.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion Garments, Accessories, Shoes, Upholstery<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Animal-friendly alternative to suede, washable, affordable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Not as durable as genuine suede, can look synthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#microfiber\">Microfiber<\/a>, <a href=\"#suede\">Suede<\/a>, <a href=\"#alcantara\">Alcantara<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"sueding\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Sueding<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A finishing process that creates a soft, suede-like surface on fabric through mechanical or chemical means.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion fabrics, Peach Skin finish, Soft-touch fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, luxurious surface feel, premium hand feel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can reduce fabric strength<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#brushing\">Brushing<\/a>, <a href=\"#peach-finish\">Peach Finish<\/a>, <a href=\"#microfiber\">Microfiber<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"supply-chain\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Supply Chain<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The complete network of entities involved in creating and delivering a product, from raw material suppliers through manufacturers to end consumers.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Business strategy, risk management, sustainability reporting<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Understanding supply chain enables optimization and risk management<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex, global supply chains have many risk points<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sourcing\">Sourcing<\/a>, <a href=\"#vendor\">Vendor<\/a>, <a href=\"#traceability\">Traceability<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"T\" class=\"glossary-letter\">T<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"t&a-calendar\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">T&A Calendar<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Time and Action Calendar. A detailed production schedule listing every task, responsible party, and deadline from order to delivery.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Production management, buyer-supplier communication<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Prevents delays by tracking every production step<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Requires discipline to maintain and follow<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#production-calendar\">Production Calendar<\/a>, <a href=\"#lead-time\">Lead Time<\/a>, <a href=\"#critical-path\">Critical Path<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"t\/t\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">T\/T<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Telegraphic Transfer. A bank wire transfer payment method. Common terms are 30% deposit before production, 70% balance before shipment.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> International B2B payments, most common textile trade payment<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Simple, direct, widely accepted<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less secure than LC, buyer has limited protection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#lc\">LC<\/a>, <a href=\"#payment-terms\">Payment Terms<\/a>, <a href=\"#wire-transfer\">Wire Transfer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"techpack\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Techpack<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A technical package or specification sheet containing all design and construction details needed to produce a garment. Includes measurements, materials, colors, trims, and construction notes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Communication between designer and manufacturer, quality control reference<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces miscommunication, ensures accurate production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Time-consuming to create, requires technical knowledge<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#tech-sheet\">Tech Sheet<\/a>, <a href=\"#specification-sheet\">Specification Sheet<\/a>, <a href=\"#flat-sketch\">Flat Sketch<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"terrycloth\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Terrycloth<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A pile fabric with loops on one or both sides. The loops create high absorbency. Used for towels and bathrobes.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Towels, Bathrobes, Baby Products, Beach Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Highly absorbent, soft, warm<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Loops can snag, heavy when wet, slow to dry<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#french-terry\">French Terry<\/a>, <a href=\"#velour\">Velour<\/a>, <a href=\"#loop-knit\">Loop Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"thermal-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Thermal Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a waffle or honeycomb texture designed to trap air and provide insulation for warmth.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Thermal Underwear, Base Layers, Winter Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Good insulation, lightweight, breathable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Distinctive texture may show through outerwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#waffle-knit\">Waffle Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#base-layer\">Base Layer<\/a>, <a href=\"#underwear\">Underwear<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tolerance\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tolerance<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The acceptable range of variation from specified measurements in garment production. Typically \u00b11cm for most measurements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Quality control, garment specification<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Allows for practical manufacturing variation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Cumulative tolerances can result in significant variation<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#measurement-spec\">Measurement Spec<\/a>, <a href=\"#quality-control\">Quality Control<\/a>, <a href=\"#aql\">AQL<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"traceability\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Traceability<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Business & Trade Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The ability to track a product through all stages of production from raw material to finished goods. Increasingly required for sustainability compliance.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainability reporting, EUDR compliance, brand transparency<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Proves sustainability claims, builds consumer trust<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex and costly to implement across full supply chain<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#supply-chain\">Supply Chain<\/a>, <a href=\"#transparency\">Transparency<\/a>, <a href=\"#blockchain\">Blockchain<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tricot\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tricot<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A warp-knit fabric with fine ribs running vertically. Smooth on one side and textured on the other. Common in lingerie.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Swimwear, Sportswear, Linings<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Snag-resistant, does not run, smooth, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less stretch than weft knits<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#warp-knit\">Warp Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#lingerie-fabric\">Lingerie Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"trim\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Trim<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">All components of a garment other than the main fabric. Includes buttons, zippers, labels, elastic, thread, and decorative elements.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> All garment production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Defines garment functionality and aesthetic<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Multiple trim items require careful sourcing and quality control<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#notions\">Notions<\/a>, <a href=\"#hardware\">Hardware<\/a>, <a href=\"#zipper\">Zipper<\/a>, <a href=\"#button\">Button<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tulle\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tulle<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A lightweight, very fine netting fabric originally made from silk. Now commonly nylon or polyester. Used for structure and volume.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Bridal Veils, Ballet Tutus, Evening Gowns, Petticoats<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Creates volume without weight, fine texture<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Scratchy against skin, snags easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#organza\">Organza<\/a>, <a href=\"#mesh\">Mesh<\/a>, <a href=\"#net\">Net<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tunnel-dryer\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tunnel Dryer<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Machinery & Equipment<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A conveyor-belt drying system that cures screen printing ink by passing printed garments through a heated tunnel at controlled temperature and speed.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Screen printing ink curing, high-volume production<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> High throughput, consistent curing, essential for production screen printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> High energy consumption, large footprint<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a>, <a href=\"#flash-dryer\">Flash Dryer<\/a>, <a href=\"#curing\">Curing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"tweed\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Tweed<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A rough, unfinished woolen fabric typically with a herringbone or twill weave. Associated with traditional British and Irish clothing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Jackets, Suits, Coats, Skirts<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very durable, warm, classic aesthetic, water-resistant<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, can be itchy, formal aesthetic limits versatility<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#wool\">Wool<\/a>, <a href=\"#herringbone\">Herringbone<\/a>, <a href=\"#harris-tweed\">Harris Tweed<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"twill\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Twill<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric weave pattern characterized by diagonal parallel ridges. Creates a strong, durable fabric. Includes denim and chino.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Denim, Chinos, Workwear, Suits, Tweed<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Strong, drapes well, hides dirt better than plain weave, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavier than plain weave fabrics<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#denim\">Denim<\/a>, <a href=\"#herringbone\">Herringbone<\/a>, <a href=\"#chino\">Chino<\/a>, <a href=\"#diagonal-weave\">Diagonal Weave<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"two-way-stretch\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Two-Way Stretch<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A fabric that stretches in one direction only, typically horizontal (crosswise). Most knit fabrics have two-way stretch.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Basic Knitwear, Casual Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More affordable than four-way stretch, comfortable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less versatile than four-way stretch<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#four-way-stretch\">Four-Way Stretch<\/a>, <a href=\"#knit-fabric\">Knit Fabric<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"U\" class=\"glossary-letter\">U<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"upcycling\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Upcycling<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The process of transforming waste materials or unwanted products into new materials or products of higher quality or value.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainable fashion, deadstock fabric use, zero waste design<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Reduces waste, creates unique products, sustainability credentials<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Limited scalability, inconsistent material supply<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#circular-fashion\">Circular Fashion<\/a>, <a href=\"#recycling\">Recycling<\/a>, <a href=\"#deadstock\">Deadstock<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"upf\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">UPF<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Ultraviolet Protection Factor. The rating system for UV protection in clothing. UPF 50+ blocks 98% of UV radiation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sun protective clothing, outdoor wear, swimwear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Standardized measurement of UV protection<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can decrease with stretching, wet, or worn fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#uv-protection\">UV Protection<\/a>, <a href=\"#spf\">SPF<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-textile\">Technical Textile<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"uv-protection-finish\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">UV Protection Finish<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Care & Finishing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A finish applied to fabric to block harmful ultraviolet radiation. Rated by UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor).<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Clothing, Swimwear, Children’s Sun Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Protects skin from UV damage, health benefit<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can reduce over time with washing and UV exposure<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#upf\">UPF<\/a>, <a href=\"#sun-protection\">Sun Protection<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-finish\">Technical Finish<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"V\" class=\"glossary-letter\">V<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"vanity-sizing\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Vanity Sizing<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sizing & Measurements<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The practice of labeling garments with smaller size numbers than actual measurements to flatter customers. Causes sizing inconsistency across brands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Consumer retail market<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Short-term customer satisfaction<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Causes confusion, inconsistency across brands<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#size-chart\">Size Chart<\/a>, <a href=\"#standardization\">Standardization<\/a>, <a href=\"#consumer-market\">Consumer Market<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"velour\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Velour<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A plush, knit fabric with a cut pile surface similar to velvet but with more stretch. Softer and more casual than velvet.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Tracksuits, Loungewear, Casual Jackets, Children’s Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Soft, luxurious feel, comfortable, good drape<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pile can flatten, shows marks easily<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#terry-cloth\">Terry Cloth<\/a>, <a href=\"#plush\">Plush<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"velvet\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Velvet<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A woven fabric with a short, dense pile that creates a smooth, soft surface with a distinctive sheen. Originally made from silk, now commonly polyester or cotton.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Evening Wear, Jackets, Dresses, Upholstery, Accessories<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Luxurious appearance, soft, rich color depth<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Crushes easily, difficult to clean, expensive<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velour\">Velour<\/a>, <a href=\"#velveteen\">Velveteen<\/a>, <a href=\"#plush\">Plush<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"velveteen\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Velveteen<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A cotton fabric with a short pile resembling velvet. Less lustrous than silk velvet but more affordable and easier to care for.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Casual Garments, Children’s Wear, Accessories, Craft Fabric<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> More affordable than velvet, easy to care for, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less luxurious than true velvet, pile direction must be maintained<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#velvet\">Velvet<\/a>, <a href=\"#velour\">Velour<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton\">Cotton<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"voile\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Voile<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A sheer, lightweight plain-weave fabric with a crisp finish. Made from cotton, polyester, or wool.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Blouses, Dresses, Curtains, Scarves<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Lightweight, elegant, drapes beautifully<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Very sheer, requires lining or layering<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#chiffon\">Chiffon<\/a>, <a href=\"#batiste\">Batiste<\/a>, <a href=\"#gauze\">Gauze<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"W\" class=\"glossary-letter\">W<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"waffle-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Waffle Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric with a distinctive square or rectangular textured pattern resembling a waffle grid. Provides thermal properties due to air pockets.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Thermal Underwear, Casual Tops, Loungewear, Bathrobes<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Thermal insulation, distinctive texture, lightweight<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Snags easily, pattern can distort when stretched<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#thermal-knit\">Thermal Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#honeycomb\">Honeycomb<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"warp-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Warp Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric produced by machines where yarns run vertically (warp direction) and are looped together. Includes tricot and raschel fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Lingerie, Sportswear, Mesh, Lace<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Less stretchy than weft knit, does not unravel, smooth<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less elastic in horizontal direction<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#weft-knit\">Weft Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#tricot\">Tricot<\/a>, <a href=\"#raschel\">Raschel<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"water-footprint\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Water Footprint<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Sustainability & Eco Terms<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The total volume of freshwater used to produce a product. Cotton production requires approximately 10,000-20,000 liters of water per kilogram.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sustainability assessment, water stewardship programs<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Quantifies water impact for sustainable decision making<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to measure accurately across supply chain<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a>, <a href=\"#water-stewardship\">Water Stewardship<\/a>, <a href=\"#cotton-production\">Cotton Production<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"water-based-ink\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Water-based Ink<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Screen printing ink that uses water as a carrier instead of PVC. More eco-friendly than plastisol with a softer hand feel.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Fashion T-shirts, Eco-conscious brands, Soft-hand printing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Eco-friendly, soft hand feel, breathable print<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Less opaque on dark fabrics, more difficult to work with<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plastisol-ink\">Plastisol Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#discharge-ink\">Discharge Ink<\/a>, <a href=\"#screen-printing\">Screen Printing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"waxed-cotton\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Waxed Cotton<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Cotton fabric treated with paraffin wax to create water-resistant properties while maintaining breathability.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Outdoor Jackets, Bags, Hats, Country Wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Water-resistant, develops character with age, durable<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Heavy, cannot be machine washed, wax can transfer<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#canvas\">Canvas<\/a>, <a href=\"#oilskin\">Oilskin<\/a>, <a href=\"#technical-fabrics\">Technical Fabrics<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"weft-knit\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Weft Knit<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A knit fabric produced by machines where yarn runs horizontally (weft direction). The most common knitting method for apparel fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> T-shirts, Sweaters, Socks, Most Knit Apparel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Highly elastic, comfortable, versatile<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Can unravel if yarn is cut, runs can form<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#warp-knit\">Warp Knit<\/a>, <a href=\"#jersey\">Jersey<\/a>, <a href=\"#rib-knit\">Rib Knit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"white-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">White Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A product produced by one manufacturer that other companies rebrand and sell as their own. Unlike private label, white label products are identical across multiple brands.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Generic products sold under multiple brand names<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Very quick to market, minimal development cost<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> No product differentiation from competitors<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#private-label\">Private Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#oem\">OEM<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"wicking-fabric\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Wicking Fabric<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A generic term for fabrics engineered to pull moisture away from the skin and disperse it across the fabric surface for rapid evaporation.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Sportswear, Base Layers, Outdoor Apparel<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Keeps wearer dry and comfortable during activity<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Usually synthetic, retains odors over time<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#moisture-management\">Moisture Management<\/a>, <a href=\"#performance-fabrics\">Performance Fabrics<\/a>, <a href=\"#dri-fit\">Dri-FIT<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"windowpane\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Windowpane<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Fabric Types & Constructions<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A check pattern consisting of thin lines forming large squares, resembling window panes. Used primarily in suiting fabrics.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Suits, Jackets, Trousers<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Classic, versatile pattern for formal wear<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Pattern matching required at seams<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#plaid\">Plaid<\/a>, <a href=\"#check\">Check<\/a>, <a href=\"#suiting\">Suiting<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"woven-label\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Woven Label<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Print & Decoration<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">A label made by weaving yarn on a loom to create a permanent, high-quality branded label. More durable than printed labels.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Brand labels, Care labels, Country of Origin labels<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Permanent, durable, high-quality appearance, does not fade<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Higher cost than printed labels, minimum order quantities<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#printed-label\">Printed Label<\/a>, <a href=\"#hang-tag\">Hang Tag<\/a>, <a href=\"#brand-identity\">Brand Identity<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"wrap\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">WRAP<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Quality & Certifications<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">Worldwide Responsible Accredited Production. An independent certification program focused on lawful, humane, and ethical manufacturing.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Garment factories, social compliance auditing<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Internationally recognized social compliance standard<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Annual audit costs, ongoing compliance requirements<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#bsci\">BSCI<\/a>, <a href=\"#sa8000\">SA8000<\/a>, <a href=\"#social-compliance\">Social Compliance<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Y\" class=\"glossary-letter\">Y<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"glossary-term\" id=\"yield\">\n <h3 class=\"term-title\">Yield<\/h3>\n <span class=\"term-category\">Production & Manufacturing<\/span>\n <p class=\"term-definition\">The amount of fabric required to produce one unit of a garment. Calculated from marker efficiency and pattern pieces.<\/p>\n <p><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Costing, fabric ordering, production planning<\/p>\n <p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> Accurate fabric consumption prevents shortages or excess<\/p>\n <p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Complex to calculate for garments with many pieces<\/p>\n <p><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong> <a href=\"#marker-making\">Marker Making<\/a>, <a href=\"#fabric-consumption\">Fabric Consumption<\/a>, <a href=\"#costing\">Costing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u26a0\ufe0f Disclaimer: This glossary is provided for informational and educational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, Vera Nadar Textile does not guarantee the completeness or reliability of any definition. For specific technical advice or product inquiries, please contact our team directly.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\ud83d\udcc5 Last Updated: July 2026 | \u00a9 Vera Nadar Textile. All rights reserved.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\ud83d\udce9 Need more information?\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sahinbeytekstil.com\/tr\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Contact our B2B team<\/a>\u00a0for personalized assistance.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This comprehensive textile glossary is designed for B2B buyers, fashion brands, and textile professionals. 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